Biology and You
Chapter 1
Objectives




Relate the seven properties of life to a living
organism
Describe seven themes that can help you organize
what you learn about biology
Identify the tiny structures that make up all living
organisms
Differentiate between reproduction and heredity
and between metabolism and homeostasis
Key Terms
 Biology
 Heredity
 Cell
 Mutation
 Reproduction
 Evolution
 Metabolism
 Species
 Homeostasis
 Natural
 Gene
Selection
 Ecology
Biology
Biology
life
is the study of
What Does it Mean to be
Alive?
What does it mean to be alive?
Life
is characterized by the
presence of all seven
properties at some stage in
an organism's life.
Seven Properties of Life
 Cellular
 Heredity
organization
 Reproduction
 Metabolism
 Homeostasis
 Responsiveness
 Growth
&
Development
Unifying Themes of
Biology
Chapter 1 Section 1
Cellular Structure & Function


All living things are made of one or more cells
A cell is the smallest unit capable of all life
functions
Reproduction
 All
living things can reproduce
 Reproduction is the process by
which organisms make more of
their own kind
Metabolism
 All
living things use energy to grow, to
move, & to process information
 Metabolism is the sum of all chemical
reactions carried out in an organism
Homeostasis
All living organisms must maintain a stable
internal environment in order to function
properly
 Homeostasis is the maintenance of stable
internal conditions in spite of changes in
the external environment

Heredity
 All
living things are able to pass on
traits to their offspring through genes
that are passed from parent to
offspring each generation
 Heredity is the reason children tend to
resemble their parents
Evolution

Change in the inherited characteristics of species
over generations
Interdependence
 The
organisms in a biological
community live & interact with other
organisms
 Ecology is the branch of biology that
studies the interaction of organisms
with one another & with the non living
part of their environment
Review




What are the 7 properties that all living
organisms share?
What are the tiny structures that make up all
living things?
What are the unifying themes of biology?
Define homeostasis & metabolism & describe
their differences.
Biology in Your World
Chapter 1 Section 2
Think About It…




In groups of 4
List five issues in the area of Biology that you
believe are important in the world today.
What is being done to solve or better the issues
Describe the steps you think might be involved
in a scientific investigation
Scientific Processes
Chapter 1 Section 3
Objectives



Describe the stages common to scientific
investigations
Distinguish between forming a hypothesis &
making a prediction
Differentiate a control group & an independent
variable from a dependant variable
Key Terms




Observation
Hypothesis
Prediction
Experiment




Control group
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Theory
Stages of Scientific Investigations

Observation is the act of noting or perceiving
objects or events using the senses.


See, hear, taste, smell, touch
Inference is a statement that explains the
observation.

logical conclusions from premises known or
assumed to be true
Inferences vs. Observations

Worksheet
Stages of Scientific Investigations

Hypothesis is an explanation that might be true–
a statement that can be tested by additional
observations or experimentation.

Educated guess
Stages of Scientific Investigations


Prediction is the expected outcome of a test,
assuming the hypothesis is correct.
Experiment is a planned procedure to test a
hypothesis
Structure of an Experiment



Control Group is a group in an experiment that
receives no experimental treatment
Independent Variable is changed in an
experiment
Dependent Variable is measured in an
experiment
Scientific Explanations

Theory is a set of related hypotheses that have
been tested & confirmed many times by many
scientists

Unites & explains a broad range of observations.
Review of the Scientific Process
Questions
Predictions & Hypotheses
Experimentation
Some hypotheses are supported
Related hypotheses are verified by many
Theory
Some hypotheses are rejected