The Human Circulatory System
Name:__________________
Date: June 15 – 26, 2015
Class:_________________
Created by Ms. Lucia and Ms. Gayle for Southern Cross School
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Overview
The main purpose of the circulatory system is
to exchange wastes for nutrients and oxygen in
order to keep the cells working and healthy.
The main organs of the human circulatory
system are the heart, the blood vessels, and
the blood cells.
Image taken on June 9, 2015 from
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/t
humb/1/19/Circulatory_System_no_tags.svg/400pxCirculatory_System_no_tags.svg.png
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The heart
Image taken on June 9, 2015, from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/186829084517558668/
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The heart
• Involuntary muscle
• Size of a fist
• Acts like a pump to circulate, or move, blood
around the entire body
• Located in the chest between the lungs and
inside the ribcage
• Separated into 4 parts called chambers
• Chambers stop oxygen rich (oxygenated)
blood from mixing with oxygen poor
(deoxygenated) blood.
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How blood moves through the heart
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3
3
right
lung
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4
2
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The illustration to the right shows the
movement of the blood.
1. Deoxygenated blood enters the heart
from the body into the right atrium
left
(RA).
lung 2. Deoxygenated blood is pushed to the
right ventricle (RV).
3. Deoxygenated blood goes to the
lungs to release (get rid of) carbon
dioxide and to acquire (get) oxygen.
4. Oxygenated blood comes back into
the heart in the left atrium (LA).
5. Oxygenated blood goes into the left
ventricle.
6. Oxygenated blood is pumped to the
body.
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How blood moves through the heart
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Your turn:
Color where deoxygenated blood is in blue. Color where oxygenated blood is in red. Then draw arrows to show the movement of
the blood through the heart. Label which blood vessels go to the lungs and which go to or come from the body..
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Think about it
• Why is the left side of the heart bigger than
the right side?
• Why blood separated in different chambers
when it enters the heart?
• What might happen if oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood mixes?
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Activity Question: What does your
heart do when you exercise?
• Find your pulse. Your pulse tells how fast your heart is beating.
• Count how many beats you feel in 20 seconds.
________ X 3 = __________ pulse
• Run for 1 minute. Count how many beats you feel in 20 seconds.
________ X 3 = __________ pulse
• Run for 3 minutes. Count how many beats you feel in 20 seconds.
________ X 3 = __________ pulse
• Rest for 2 minutes. Count how many beats you feel in 20 seconds.
________ X 3 = __________ pulse
• Rest for 2 MORE minutes. Count how many beats you feel in 20
seconds.
________ X 3 = __________ pulse
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• Make a graph.
Pulse
Pulse versus time
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Minutes
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Questions
1. What happened to your heart rate do as you exercised more?
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2. Why do you think your heart did this? _________________________
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Blood Vessels: Overview
Blood vessels are tubes that connect the
heart to all parts of the body, except the hair
and nails. There are three types of blood
vessels.
An artery transports blood away from the
heart.
A vein transports blood to the heart.
A capillary is the smallest type of blood
vessel.
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Types of blood vessels
Arteries move blood away
from the heart.
Veins move blood to the
heart.
Capillaries (capillary) are
very small and have very
thin walls. These thin walls
allow gases and nutrients
or wastes to pass into or
out of the blood.
Capillaries connect the
arteries and the veins.
Image taken on June 9, 2015, from
http://www.shmoop.com/animalmovement/animal-circulation.html
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Blood flow simplified
upper body
lungs
heart
lower body
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Activity Question: Why does the body
need capillaries?
The goal:
Keep all cells alive!!
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Activity Question: Why does the body
need capilaries?
• Five pairs of students will act like cells and will
create carbon dioxide (blue paper).
• Ten students will act as red blood cells and will
transport the oxygen (red paper) and carbon
dioxide.
• Four students will be the lungs and exchange
carbon dioxide for oxygen.
• 6 students will act like blood vessels and direct
the blood to the cells.
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Activity Question: Why does the body
need capillaries?
In the cell, decide which partner will store wastes and which
will transport wastes. The person storing the wastes will
hand the transporter a piece of blue paper every 2
seconds. If the transporter has more than 10 pieces of
blue paper, the whole cell dies.
The blood vessel students will act like arteries and veins (NO
CAPILLARIES) and direct the blood cell students to a cell.
Each cell may only exchange with one blood cell at a time.
When 3 cells die, the game is finished.
How long did it take for 3 cells to die? How might this affect
the heart and the person´s health?
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Activity Question: Why does the body
need capillaries?
cell
cell
cell
cell
cell
cell
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3333333
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lungs
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3333333
3333333
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Blood cells move this
way. Blood vessels
direct cells ONLY to
cells to the front line
of cells.
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Activity Question: Why does the body
need capillaries?
In the cell, decide which partner will store wastes and which
will transport wastes. The person storing the wastes will
hand the transporter a piece of blue paper every 2
seconds. If the transporter has more than 10 pieces of
blue paper, the whole cell dies.
The blood vessel students will act like capillaries and allow the
blood cell students to surround each cell.
When 3 cells die, the game is finished.
How long did it take for 3 cells to die? How might this affect
the heart and the person´s health?
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Activity Question: Why does the body
need capillaries?
cell
cell
cell
cell
cell
3333333
3333333
lungs
3333333
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cell
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Activity Question: Why does the body
need capillaries?
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Blood: Overview
• Blood is a liquid tissue.
• Blood is formed by a liquid part called plasma
and 3 types of basic cells.
– Red blood cells
– White blood cells
– Platelets
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Blood: Plasma
• Plasma is the liquid that carries the blood cells
around the body.
• Plasma also carries dissolved substances such
as nutrients, wastes, and salts.
• About 60% of an organism’s blood volume is
plasma.
• Plasma is mostly water.
Information taken on June 9, 2015 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2263/
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Blood: Red Blood Cells
• Red blood cells transport oxygen to the cells.
• The scientific word for red blood cells is
“erythrocytes.”
• Red blood cells are the most numerous in the
blood. One cubic MILLIMETER of blood has 46 MILLION red blood cells
• Red blood cells have NO nucleus and are
round with a concave (spoon-like) shape.
Information taken on June 9, 2015 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2263/
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Blood: White Blood Cells
• White blood cells make up the immune
system of your body.
• White blood cells fight germs and infections
such as viruses and bacteria.
• White blood cells break down and remove
dead cells.
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Blood: Platelets
• Platelets are pieces of cells that cause blood to
clot.
• A clot forms after an organism is cut. This
stops the blood from flowing. On humans, if a
cut happens on the skin, the blood clots and
then dries. This dried clot is called a scab.
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Blood: Illustration
Red Blood Cells
White Blood
Cells
Platelets
Image taken on June 9, 2015 from
Platelets:
http://pvri.info/content/scanning-electron-microscope-images-resting-partially-activated-and-fully-activated-human-0
Red Blood cells
http://a2zcancers.blogspot.com/2007/07/blood-cells.html
White Blood Cells
"SEM Lymphocyte" by Unknown photographer/artist (False color modifications made by myself--DO11.10) - Dr. Triche National Cancer Institute. Licensed under Public Domain
via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SEM_Lymphocyte.jpg#/media/File:SEM_Lymphocyte.jpg
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Blood: Your turn. Use words and a picture to describe
each type of cell that makes up the blood.
Write the name of one type of blood cell.
Write the name of a different type of blood cell.
Write the name of a different type of blood cell.
Draw a picture of the blood cell named above.
Draw a picture of the blood cell named above.
Draw a picture of the blood cell named above.
Use words to describe the blood cell named above.
Use words to describe the blood cell named above.
Use words to describe the blood cell named above.
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What do you remember?
Part
Function
Picture
circulatory
system
heart
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What do you remember?
Part
Function
Picture
blood vessel
artery
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What do you remember?
Part
Function
Picture
vein
capillary
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What do you remember?
Part
Function
Picture
red blood cell
white blood
cell
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What do you remember?
Part
Function
Picture
platelet
plasma
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Why are oxygen, nutrients, and waste transported
through the body? How could a person know if his or
her circulatory system is not working properly?
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What can be done to improve the overall
health of the circulatory system?
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How do the structures of the circulatory system work together? (Hint:
include all of the cells, tissues, and organs discusses in this unit.)
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