3/26
Get out:
Plant Book
Reminder: Test
Corrections
before/after school
3/27
Get out plant book
Open to chapter 23 for notes
Reminder – test corrections need
to be completed by next Tuesday!
If you missed test come see me
EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS OF
PLANTS
Where did plants come from? Why are they so different? How have they
changed over time?
Angiosperms
Gymnosperms
Ferns
Bryophytes
Cone-bearing
plants
Ferns and
their relatives
Flowers; Seeds
Enclosed in Fruit
Mosses and
their relatives
Seeds
Water-Conducting
(Vascular)Tissue
Green algae
ancestor
Flowering
plants
CHAPTER 23: PLANT STRUCTURES
What are the 3 main organs and
their functions:
1. Roots- absorb water and
nutrients
2. Leaves – site of photosynthesis
& gas exchange (O2 and CO2)
3. Stems- support; connect root +
leaves; carry H2O + nutrients
PLANT TISSUES
1. Dermal: outer covering of plant
cuticle: thick waxy covering, conserves H20
root hairs: small cells on roots, increase
surface area for water absorption
PLANT TISSUES
2. Vascular: transport system
used to move water and
nutrients throughout the plant.
xylem: transports water
phloem: transports
nutrients and products of
photosynthesis
PLANT TISSUES
3. Ground: composed of cells that lie
between the dermal and vascular tissue.
Structures : ROOTS
Used for:
1) Absorption of minerals and
water from the soil.
2) Storage of starches (vegetables)
3) Anchor to ground
4) 2 main types of roots:
• taproot—grow long and deep to
reach water below the surface.
Ex. Carrots, radishes
STRUCTURES: ROOTS
fibrous—branched root system
that grows close to the surface
helps prevent soil from being
washed away by rain.
*Plants can have taproots, fibrous
roots or both*
Apical Meristem: area of root
where cell division and growth
occurs.
Structures: STEMS:
• Function: produce leaves, branches,
and flowers; used for support and
transport of substances between
leaves and roots.
Note:
Wood = layers of xylem found in
the stem. The tree rings show
years of growth or “tree age”.
Bark = composed of several layers
including phloem.
3/31
Get out plant book
Reminder – Plant Book Quiz
tomorrow
Come to enrichment if you aren’t
finished
If you still need to make up the test
come see me now!
Structures: Leaves
Function: Absorb light and carry out photosynthesis
Special structures
•Stomata—opening in leaf to allow exchange of O2, CO2
and water vapor
• Guard cell —regulates opening of the stomata and
respond to conditions in the environment (wind,
temperature) to maintain homeostasis within leaf.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Light Energy
Equation: CO2 + H2O
C6H12O6 + O2
Xylem: transports water needed for reaction to
occur.
Phloem: transports glucose from leaves to roots
for storage.
Stomata & Guard Cells: regulates the amount of
gases & H2O needed for photosynthesis to occur.
Leaf: contains chloroplasts, chlorophyll, + enzymes
needed for photosynthesis
PLEASE MAKE ADJUSTMENT IN PLANT BOOK FORMAT
TRANSPIRATION
2)Transpiration
•loss of water through stomata
•When water is abundant, it
flows from roots to leaves and
guard cells respond by opening
stomata to release excess water
•When water is scarce, guard cells
respond by closing stomata to
limit transpiration
•High transpiration rates can lead
to wilting.
http://youtu.be/mc9gUm1mMzc
MONOCOT VS. DICOT
 Monocot: 1 seed leaf; parallel veins; flower multiples of 3, Fibrous
roots
 Dicot: 2 seed leaves; branched veins; flower multiples of 4 or 5, tap
root
4/1
Get out Plant Book for Quiz (not a joke)
Reminder – Test next Monday
If you did not bring your station lab to me
for a stamp, do so now!
If you missed a lab:
Fern and moss
Plant dissection
Come see me
ADD TO NOTES: TURGOR PRESSURE
Turgor Pressure:
Pressure exerted on
the sides of the plant
cell wall due to an
expanded vacuole.
What are some
conditions which
could cause Turgor
Pressure to decrease,
thus causing a plant
to wilt?
Plant System
Interactions:
VASCULAR
TISSUE:
XYLEM & PHLOEM
-Products of
Photosynthesis
-Uptake of water
by the root
system
-Hormones used
for pollination,
fruit ripening,
flower
development
-Phototropism
-Thigmotropism
-Gravitropism
What do the transport, reproductive,
and plant response systems of plants
have in common?
• Transport
• Reproduction
• Plant
Responses
4/4
Pick up:
Whiteboard
OLC worksheet
Get out
Pen or pencil
Cell phone (not a trick) 