English 4, Lesson 4
VOCABULARY
1. ADVOCATE (NOUN OR VERB)
Definition: when you support someone or something
publicly; a person who makes a case or pleads for support
on another persons behalf.

Synonyms- (v) support, endorse, recommend (n)
supporter

Antonyms- (v) oppose, protest (n) opponent, enemy
2. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS (NOUN)
Definition: the thickening and hardening of
the walls of the arteries, usually because of
old age.

Synonym: N/A
 Antonym:
N/A
3. CADAVEROUS (ADJ)
Definition: When someone looks like a dead
body (thin, pale, bony)
 Synonyms-thin,
 Antonyms-
starved, emaciated
healthy, hearty
4. COMPUNCTION (N)
Definition: The guilt you feel after doing
something bad; The feeling of uncertainty
about the appropriateness of an action.
 Synonyms
- remorse, regret
 Antonyms - complacency, shamelessness,
satisfaction
5. DEVIATE (V)
Definition: when you depart from or move
away from the set course; when you depart
from the normal or accepted standards.
 Synonyms-
 Antonyms
veer, wander, stray, turn, digress
- continue, persevere, persist
6. DISCOMBOBULATE (V)
Definition: to throw things into a state of
confusion in a funny way.
 Synonyms Antonyms
confuse, fluster, rattle, agitate
- calm, pacify, tranquility
7. EFFUSION (N)
Definition: a free flowing outpouring of
emotion through speech and through
writing; something that pours out freely.
 Synonyms-
 Antonyms-
outpouring, expression
lack, restraint, deficiency
8. EVINCE (V)
Definition: to reveal the presence of a feeling
or quality; to show or demonstrate clearly
 Synonyms-
prove, demonstrate, display
 Antonyms-
disprove, conceal, disguise, hide
9. HETEROGENEOUS (adj)
Definition: different or varied in character or
type
 Synonyms-
diverse, assorted, different
 Antonyms-
similar, identical, consistent,
alike
10. INCREMENT (N)
Definition: an increase or addition,
especially one of the series on a set scale; a
regular increase in salary on a scale.
 Synonyms-
increase, installment
 Antonyms-
reduction
11. INSIDIOUS (ADJ)
Definition: working or spreading harmfully but in a
subtle or secret way; being attractive or enticing
but also very harmful; meant to entrap.

Synonyms- cunning, deceitful, treacherous,
crafty, tricky, sly

Antonyms- honest, unhidden, overt
12. LUDICROUS (ADJ)
Definition: Something that is so unreasonable or
out of place that it is funny.

Synonyms- ridiculous, comical, bizarre, absurd

Antonyms- logical, reasonable, normal
13. MORTIFY (V)
Definition: to make someone or when you feel
humiliated, embarrassed, or ashamed

Synonyms- humiliate, embarrass, degrade

Antonyms- praise, commend, laud
14. PARADOX (N)
Definition: a contradictory statement; when
something appears to be beyond explanation.

Synonyms- contradiction, puzzle, enigma

Antonyms- N/A
15. PLENIPOTENTIARY (ADJ, N)
Definition: being given, possessing full power; a
government official, diplomat.

Synonyms- ambassador

Antonyms- N/A
16. PRIMORDIAL (ADJ)
Definition: something that has been around since
the beginning of time. The 1st or earliest stages of
development

Synonyms- original, fundamental, primary

Antonyms- secondary
17. REBUFF (V)
Definition: to reject someone or something
suddenly in an unkind way; a sudden ungracious
refusal of a kind offer.

Synonyms- reject, repel

Antonyms- accept, encourage
18. SACRILEGE (N)
Definition: A violation or misuse of something that
is considered sacred.

Synonyms- desecration, irreverence

Antonyms- consecration, sanctification
19. SUBLIMINAL (ADJ)
Definition: When someone is exposed to an idea
or affected mentally without their awareness;
Below what you are conscious of

Synonyms- subconscious

Antonyms- conscious, aware, cognizant
20. UNEQUIVOCAL (ADJ)
Definition: When there is no doubt or no
misunderstanding of something
Synonyms- plain, clear, unmistakable,
straightforward
 Antonyms- doubtful, questionable, deceptive,
equivocal
