7 th Grade Health
Chapter 3 Lesson 3
 Circulatory System: the group of organs and tissues that
act as transfer stations carrying needed materials to cells
and removing their waste products
 Also known as the Cardiovascular System
 Cardio: Heart
 Vascular: Blood Vessels
 Circulatory System includes:
 Heart: made up of cardiac muscle
 Blood Vessels: made up of smooth muscle
 Blood
Cardiac Tissue
Smooth Tissue
 Arteries
 Veins
 Capillaries
 carry blood away from the heart to various
parts of the body
 Blood rich in Oxygen
 Red in most diagrams
 carry blood from all parts of the body back
to the heart
 Oxygen depleted blood
 Blue in most diagrams
 tiny blood vessels that carry blood to and from
almost all body cells and connect arteries to veins
 Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide exchange takes
place in the capillaries
 Your body contains five liters of blood
 Plasma: yellowish, watery part of blood which makes
up over half of its volume
 Carries nutrients and hormones to cells
 Transports wastes to lungs
and kidneys for removal
 90% of plasma is water
 Red Blood Cells: carry oxygen from the lungs to all
parts of the body
 Hemoglobin: protein that carries gases through the body
 White Blood Cells: fight infection in the body
 Create substances that destroy foreign cells
 Find and devour disease-causing organisms
 Platelets: help blood clot at the site of a
wound
 Smallest type of blood cell
 Pulmonary Circulation: blood travels from the
heart, through the lungs, and back to the heart
 Systemic Circulation: oxygen-rich blood travels to
all body tissues except for the lungs
 The Blood from the body (low oxygen) is emptied in to
the Right atrium through the Superior and Inferior
Vena Cava
RA
Lungs
LA
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
RV
Right Ventricle
Lungs
LV
Left Ventricle
Blood
from
Upper
Body
Superior Vena
Cava
Inferior
Vena Cava
Blood
from
Lower
Body
RA
LA
RV
LV
 From the Right Atrium, blood is
emptied into the Right Ventricle
through the Tricuspid valve
Valve
 From the Right Ventricle, blood is pumped
into the Pulmonary Artery through the
Pulmonary valve, to the lungs, to pick up
oxygen
Pulmonary Artery
Valve
Carbon Dioxide
released
 In the lungs, Carbon Dioxide is
released and Oxygen is picked up into
the blood
 From the lungs, blood is emptied into
the Left Atrium through the
Pulmonary Veins
Pulmonary Vein
Blood is now
rich in Oxygen
 From the Left Atrium, blood is emptied
into the Left Ventricle through the
Bicuspid valve
Valve
 From the Left Ventricle, blood is
pumped into the Aorta, largest artery
in the body, through the Aortic valve,
then throughout the body
Blood to Upper
Body
Aorta
Valve
Aorta
Blood to
Lower Body
Atriums: store blood
Ventricles: pump blood
Blood from
Upper Body
Blood to Upper Body
Superior
Vena Cava
Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Vein
Red: rich in O
Blue: O depleted
Aorta
Inferior
Vena
Cava
Blood
from
Lower
Body
Blood to
Lower Body
 This process is repeated over and over
again. When the process is
interrupted, serious health conditions
can occur.
 The force of blood pushing against the walls of blood
vessels
 Systolic blood pressure: Top number; heart is
contracting
 Diastolic blood pressure: Bottom number; heart is at
rest and refills with blood
 Normal Blood Pressure is 120
80
 There are four types of blood
 A, B, AB, O
 Used primarily in cases of blood donation
 Incompatible blood that is mixed, leads to clumping and
blockage of vessels
 Type O is universal
donor
Problem
Hypertension
Heart Attack
Anemia
Description
Abnormally high blood
pressure in the arteries of the
body
Blood supply to the heart is
stopped or reduced
RBC count and hemoglobin is
below normal
Treatment
Treated or prevented by
losing weight
Must be treated by a medical
professional
B-12 vitamin and iron
supplements
Sickle Cell Anemia
Leukemia
Hemophilia
RBC’s are sickle shaped
containing abnormal
hemoglobin
Cancer in tissues that produce
WBC’s
No cure; frequent
hospitalization
Blood doesn’t clot or clots very
slowly
Blood transfusions
Chemotherapy