The Growing Earth
By David de Hilster
Looking at Evidence for the
Growing Earth
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History
Books
Leading People in the Field
Visual Evidence
Trans-Pacific Sister Taxa
Paleo-Magnetic Pole Evidence
Space Geodetics
Mechanisms for Expansion
Expanding Versus Growing
Mountain Building (Orogen) And Continents
Mechanisms for Growth
Barriers to the Growing Earth Theory
History of a Growing Earth
• 1596: Abraham Ortelius first to suggest continental movement
because of the similar coastlines of South America and Africa
• Other historical figures who noticed: Francis Bacon, Antonio SniderPellegrini, Benjamin Franklin
• 1858: Antonio Snider-Pellegrini, a nineteenth century French
geographer and scientist
• 1888: Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky suggested that some sort of aether
is absorbed within the earth and transformed into new chemical
elements, forcing the celestial bodies to expand
• 1889 and 1909: Italian geologist Roberto Mantovani suggests the
continents fit together on a smaller globe
• 1928: geologist Arthur Holmes first proposes the mainstream's
current reason for continetal movement: convection currents within
the mantle
History of a Growing Earth
• 1933: Otto Hilgenberg constructed first globe models of an
expanding earth
• 1956: Samuel Warren Carey a geologist from Australia converts to
a growing earth when he cannot fit Pangaea together on a fixed
radius globe
• 1960s: Sea floor spreading found and sea floor ages 200 million
years old and less
• 1970s and 1980s: Debate follows the sea floor ages and
subduction saves the fixed radius earth
• 1990s: Plate Tectonics becomes entrenched yet a growing number
of problems emerge with this theory
• 2000s: Resurgence and growing number of people learning about
the growing / expanding earth via the internet - over one million
views of Neil Adams videos
Important Books
• 1971 - Jordan, P. "The expanding earth: some
consequences of Dirac's gravitation hypothesis" Oxford:
Pergamon Press
• 1983 - Lester King, "Wandering Continents and
Spreading Sea Floors on an Expanding Earth"
• 1988 - Carey, S. W., "Theories of the earth and universe:
a history of dogma in the earth sciences", Stanford
University Press
• 2005 - Vedat Shehu, "The Growing and Developing
Earth: The Mass of the Earth is Increasing and the
Planet is Growing"
• 2005 - Maxlow (student of Carey) "Terra Non-Firma
Earth: Plate Tectonics Is a Myth"
Visual Evidence of Growth
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Atlantic fit
Pacific fit
Sea Floor Bottom Maps
Continents fit onto a smaller orb
Spreading
Growth Fractures
Celestial Body Expansion
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Moon: growing on side facing the earth
Mars: water, salt coming from inside
Eruopa: admitted to grow by NASA
Ganymede: obvious visual evidence
Leading People in the Field
• Samuel Warren Carey - (died in 2002) the
modern father of the growing earth theory
• James Maxlow - (in his 50s, from Australia)
Carey's premier student, writing a second book
• Alex Scarborough – Expansion proposed as
one of 5 steps of planetary evolution
• Giancarlo Scalera - (Italian Geologist)
publishing many accepted papers in the
geological community and using the expanding
earth for finding oil
• Vedat Shehu – An Albanian field geologist who
has been working on evidence for a growing and
developing earth.
• Lawerence Meyers – NPA member
Earth’s Moon
Growth on One Side
Growth Fractures
All Continents Fit on Smaller Orb
without Deforming
Sea Floor Dating
Pacific Fit
Pacific Blind Spot
First Atlantic Fit Map - 1858
Paleo-Magnetic Pole Evidence
Continental Movement Vectors
Continental Buckling
Antarctica Enigma
Known Subduction Zones
Pangaea Problems
Trans-Pacific Sister Taxa - Ancient
Island Problem - Dennis McCarthy
• Of more than 25,000 islands in the Pacific, only three
are old enough to have once been in proximity with
South America according to expanding Earth
paleomaps: New Zealand, New Caledonia, Fiji
• All problematic disjunctions of narrow-range taxa occur
on those three islands • One of hundreds of Examples: the closest relatives of
the Fijan banded iguana occur in California and Mexico.
No other iguanas inhabit any other island in the Central
or West Pacific.
• These taxa have cross the full-breadth of a superocean
-- a feat otherwise unknown in these types of organisms
-- and end-up nowhere else.
Paleo-Magnetic Pole Evidence
• Paleo-magnetics is the study of the earth’s fossil
remnant magnetism preserved in rocks that contain
small amounts of iron-rich magnetic minerals.
• These rocks acquire a permanent magnetism during
crystallization and preserve the direction of the earth’s
magnetic field.
• Dr. James Maxlow studied this data from mainstream
plate tectonics and verified that the South Pole as
marked in Africa, down towards present-day Antarctica,
fit nicely onto an expanding earth.
• When plotted on a growing earth, the North and South
poles are diametrically opposed, something impossible
on plate tectonic reconstructions
Space Geodetics
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Very Long Baseline Interferomonetry (VLBI)
Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR)
Lunar Laser Ranging
GPS
Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning
integrate by Satellite (DORIS)
• A paper to be published in China in 2008 reports
taking 10 years of GPS data and concluding that
the earth is expanding by at least 0.5 cm/year.
Mechanisms for Growth
• Aether absorbed by the earth causing expansion
(late 1800s)
• Accretion – extra-terrestrial mass from the sun,
space dust, meteorites, comets
• Atomic Core Reactions – earth’s core expanding
as in the late phase of a star
• Prime Matter – Neal Adams’ theory inspired by
Carl David Anderson’s matter creation of a
photon to an electron and positron
• Graviton – absorbed by mass
Expanding versus Growing
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Expansion is size
Growth is mass
Water, Salt, Oil – from inside the earth
Smaller mass explains the super-size of
dinosaur, crustaceans, and insects
• Dinosaurs we having problems when the
land masses were separating and their
migration paths were cut off
Barriers to the Growing Earth
Theory
• Historical – Australia versus the United
States versus Europe
• Subduction – Big point of contention
• Pangaea – the Atlantic fixation
• No known mechanism for growth
• Everything would have to change – from
the subatomic level to cosmology
Ganymede – Jupiter Moon
Europa – Jupiter’s Moon
Mars Valles Marineris
Conclusions
• The evidence for earth growth and other
celestial bodies is becoming overwhelming
• Over 1 million views of Neal Adams’
videos online at YouTube
• Measuring techniques will eventually
prove earth growth
• The mechanism is one of the biggest
question in science today