Directions: Complete this review sheet in order to prepare for your Microbiology Test. You
will also want to study the flashcards at my School Notes site.
PART 1 – THE MICROSCOPE
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The simple microscope was invented by ______________________________________.
The hollow cylinder that holds the lenses is the _________________________________.
________________________ is found below the stage and controls the amount of light
that passes through the stage opening.
______________________________ is the revolving part that holds the objective lenses.
The flat bottom support of the microscope is the ______________________.
If the eyepiece is 10X and the objective lens is 40X, what is the total magnification? ____
Which knob do you use to focus first? _____________________________
_______________________________________________ is the lens you look through.
What is the name of the small square that goes on top of the slide? _________________
Under the microscope, what direction does the slide appear to move when you move the
slide to the right? ____________________
How does a slide appear under the microscope? ________________________________.
The part of the microscope that you put the slide on is the ________________________.
PART 2 – PLANT & ANIMAL CELLS
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_______________ is the organelle used for the storage of food, water and waste.
_______________ is the organelle that packages and moves material for transport.
_______________ is the organelle that breaks down large molecules (digests them).
_______________ is the organelle that converts light into food for the plant cell.
_______________ is the gelatin-like substance inside the cell.
_______________ is the winding pathway of the cell that transports material.
_______________ is the control center of the cell.
_______________ is the organelle that provides the cell with energy.
_______________ is the outer lining that controls the in and out flow of materials such as
oxygen and water.
_______________ is the organelle that makes proteins for growth and repair.
_______________ helps the cell maintain its shape – supports the cell
_______________ is the stiff outer covering that protects and supports the plant cell.
PART 3 – ORGANIZATION OF LIVING THINGS
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_______________ is the smallest unit of life.
A group of cells make a/an ___________________________.
A group of tissues make a/an _________________________.
A group of organs make a/an _________________________.
A living thing made up of a cell or cells is a/an _________________________.
Structures that make up a cell and aide in its function are ___________________.
PART 4 - GENETICS
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Explain the difference between phenotype and genotype.
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Explain the difference between dominant traits and recessive traits.
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Define and give an example of a heterozygous trait.
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Define and give an example of a homozygous trait.
Part 5 - Microbes and Diseases
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Microbes that cause disease are called ___________________________.
_____________________________________ diseases spread from person to person.
________________________________ diseases do not spread from person to person.
Name the five kinds of disease-causing pathogens.
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____________________ made by white blood cells that coat diseased microbes to make
them harmless.
_________________________ is the medicine you take to fight off a bacterial infection.
______________________ have a disease-causing microbe in them that cause your white
blood cells to make antibodies in order to prevent you from contracting the disease.
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ANSWER KEY
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Anton Von Leuwenhoek
Body Tube
Diaphragm
Nosepiece
Base
400x
Coarse Adjustment Knob
Eyepiece or Ocular
Cover Slip
Left
Upside Down
Stage
Vacuole
Golgi Body
Lysosome
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cell Membrane
Ribosomes
Cytoskeleton
Cell Wall
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
Organelles
Genotype – the genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype – the expression of a trait
Dominant traits tend to mask recessive traits. A recessive trait will only be expressed in a
dominant trait is not present.
Heterozygous – the presence of two different genes. Example: Bb – this person possesses
one brown-eyed gene and one blue-eyed gene.
Homozygous – the presence of the same two genes. Ex: BB or bb – these people possess
two of the same gene.
Pathogens
Communicable
Non-communicable
Virus, Bacteria, Fungus, Parasites, Prions (theory)
Antibodies
Antibiotics
Vaccine