FOUR TYPES OF BILINGUAL
EDUCATION
Source: Becoming a Teacher, p. 173
TYPE
Immersion Programs
Transition Programs
Pull-Out Programs
Maintenance Programs
CHARACTERISTICS
 only English is spoken for
most subjects
 aides may assist with
interpretation or provide
access to resources in other
native languages
 students receive reading
lessons in their first language
 ESL (English as a Second
Language) instruction is
provided
 Progress in understanding
English results in placement
where English is spoken as
the first language and
students discontinue first
language placement time
 students are separated from
other students to receive low
enrollment English
Language instruction or
reading lessons in their first
language
 sometimes called “sheltered
English” programs
 instruction in both English
and the student’s native
language is provided