AFRICA & ASIA IN THE ERA OF INDEPENDENCE
PROBLEMS AFTER INDEPENDENCE
Cold War influences
undeveloped economies
few developing economies
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA AFTER INDEPENDENCE
promises by independence leaders not kept
multitude of challenges for most nations:
o weak democracies
o neo-colonialism & undeveloped economies
o
o ethnic & religious tensions due to
o …all of these contribute to Africa’s poverty
GHANA: CHARISMATIC POPULISM
Kwame Nkrumah
o promised social & economic reforms
o reforms hindered after independence:
o became authoritarian dictator
o socialist-leaning
o deposed in 1966
SOUTH AFRICA: WHITE DOMINANCE & LIBERATION
Afrikaner National Party instituted
, 1948
o
o
ANC ( ) formed, 1912
o
o
o ANC banned by Apartheid
protests grew, 1980s
FW DeKlerk
1st free election, 1994
o
new constitution passed, 1996
o
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: MILITARY DICTATORSHIP
o Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba elected
General Mobutu seizes power, 1965-1997
o
o PM Lumumba assassinated, 1961
o
o
environmental destruction
SOUTH ASIA – INDIA: DEMOCRATIC STABILITY
partition & independence,
advantages:
o India’s military defends
o Came into independence with
Disadvantages:
o
Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, 1947-64
o dedicated to:
Economic development
o mix of private & state initiatives
o the “Green Revolution”
a global trend
o
o
o How does India fit into the global economy today?
0
