Day 13– Naming
Acids & Bases
Sci 10 Chemistry
What is an Acid?
 Acid: a compound that makes hydrogen
ions H+ (aq) when dissolved in water
i.e.: HCl (aq) → H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
 Note: acids must be dissolved in water to
produce H+ ions. Look for the (aq) which
means aqueous to indicate the acid is
dissolved in water
 How to identify them:
Hydrogen + a non-metal with the (aq) symbol

What is a Base?
 Base: a compound that makes hydroxide ions
OH- (aq) when dissolved in water

i.e. NaOH (aq) → Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)

How to identify them:
Metal + hydroxide ion (OH) with the (aq) symbol
Naming Bases
 Easy! Name the cation followed by the anion
(hydroxide) with the ending –ide (just like we’ve
been doing all along with ionic compounds)
 You will know that it is a base if you see the (aq)
 i.e. NaOH (aq)

sodium hydroxide
 i.e. Ca(OH)2

(aq)
calcium hydroxide
Try It!
Name the following base:
1. KOH
(aq)
potassium hydroxide
Naming Acids with A NonMetal (simple anions)
 i.e. HCl
(aq)
 You will know to name this as an acid
because of the (aq)
1. Write “hydro-”
2. Add the name of the non-metal (shortened,
with the ending “-ic”) i.e. chloric
3. Add the second word “acid”
HCl (aq) = hydrochloric acid
Try It!
 Name the following acids:

HF (aq)


HBr (aq)


hydrofluoric acid
hydrobromic acid
HI (aq)

hydroiodic acid
Naming Acids with Polyatomic
Ions
 The first part of the name is the name of the
polyatomic ion which is shortened . One of two
endings are added to this name.


- ic if the anion name ends in - ate.
- ous if the anion name ends in - ite.
 The last part of the name is acid
 i.e. HNO3(aq) (nitrate ion) = nitric acid
 i.e. HNO2(aq) (nitrite ion) = nitrous acid
Try It!
 Name the following acids:
 H2CO3

carbonic acid
 H2SO4

(aq)
sulfuric acid (sulfate ion)
 H2SO3

(aq)
(aq)
sulfurous acid (sulfite ion)
Name to Formula

Determine the anion present from the name:



“hydro” in the name means H plus a non-metal
“-ic” or “-ous” means H plus a polyatomic ion

The cation (positive ion) is always H +
Write down the formulas of the two ions. Draw the
table to see which subscripts to add:
i.e. sulfuric acid
sulfuric ------> sulfate --------> SO4 2acid -------> hydrogen --------> H 1+
H SO4

1+




2-
Formula
-------> H2SO4 (aq)
Try It!
 Write the formula for:
phosphoric acid
Anion = phosphate PO43-, Cation = H 1+
H PO4
1+
3-
1+
1+
Formula: H3PO4(aq)
To Do
Day 13 Practice
p. 165 #18, 20