Civil War Terminology Contraband • Southern slaves who joined the Union army in the South Copperheads • People who opposed the Civil War Regiment • Usually around 1,000 troops Brigade • Around four regiments – around 4,000 soldiers Artillery • Cannons and the big guns • Color = Red • “Napoleon” most popular cannon of the Civil War Cavalry • Horse back soldiers • Color = Yellow Infantry • Foot soldiers • Color = Light Blue Yankee (Billy Yank) • Nickname for the Union Soldiers Rebel (Johnny Reb) • Confederate Soldier nickname Sutler • A person who was paid by the army to sell goods to soldiers in camp New Technology The Civil War has also been called the 1st modern war 1. First war to be Photographed – thousands of pictures taken – Matthew Brady – most famous Photographer of the war 2. Railroads were 1st used to transport troops and supplies in war 3. Telegraphs were sometimes used for communication – lines were often cut though 4. Ironclad ships were used for the 1st time instead of wooden ships 5. Hot Air balloons for Spying 6. Submarines which used torpedoes (naval mines) 7. Trench Warfare 8. New Weapons • Long Ranged Rifles replaced the short ranged musket – most commonly use weapon among the infantry The Mini Ball 8. New Weapons • Hand Grenades – hardly ever used – did not work well 8. New Weapons • Carbine Rifles – used cartridges (breech loading) instead of the step by step muzzle loading – very expensive – not many used • Cavalry usually received these weapons Spencer Carbine 8. New Weapons • Landmines 8. New Weapons • Machine Gun – Gatlin Gun (Not used that much) Civil War Medicine Medicine • Medical Practices were very primitive compared to today’s standards – no clue about germs or bacteria Medicine • 1) 2) 3) Not much for pain medicineChloroform Whiskey or Alcohol Ether 4) New drug of the day - Morphine Medicine • Disease was the #1 killer in the Civil War – Typhoid killed more than anything else • No Antibiotics yet Medicine • If you were wounded – Amputation – the cutting off of ones limb – was often the treatment to prevent infection (GangGreene) The result for many of the Civil War – prosthetic limbs becomes a big business as a result of the Civil War