Shakespeare’s Sister: Equality and Diversity in English Literature University of Edinburgh Feminist Pedagogies Lena Wånggren (lena.wanggren@ed.ac.uk) ‘The classroom remains the most radical space of possibility in the academy’ (12). ‘Teaching ... is that aspect of our work that offers the space for change, invention, spontaneous shifts’ (11). bell hooks, Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom (London: Routledge, 1994) Intersectional feminism and critical pedagogy • • • • • Feminisms and Critical Pedagogy (1992) The Feminist Teacher Anthology: Pedagogies and Classroom Strategies (1998) The Feminist Classroom: Dynamics of Gender, Race and Privilege (2001, 2nd revised edition) Twenty-First-Century Feminist Classrooms: Pedagogies of Identity and Difference (2002) Feminist Pedagogy: Looking Back to Move Forward (2009) Feminists must ‘examine systems of domination and our role in their maintenance and perpetuation’ (25-26) and ‘eradicate the underlying cultural basis and causes of sexism and other forms of group oppression’ (31). The ‘inter-relatedness of sex, race, and class oppression’ (31). bell hooks, Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center (New York: South End Press, 1984) (2011) feminism in academia – OWN UP TO YOURSELF do not pretend to be the godsend intellectually paving the revolution recognize that the ones let through these doors by some strategic mistake are the ones making you look good while we burn out and burn up by your hands … some of us need to engage with feminist theory so we can ground it in our community activist work our creative works our personal relationships for our families, communities and histories for our own fucking deserved peace of minds maybe we need to know how to make sense of oppression because we’re so heartbroken (http://rabble.ca/podcasts/shows/redeye/2011/04/slam-feminism-academia) 1. List various aspects of a person that might intersect with other aspects 2. Discuss how these aspects and intersections manifest in your daily life – cf. Tagore poem – e.g. in a university setting or other learning environment (as teacher or as student) ‘Certainly there are very real differences between us of race, age, and sex. But it is not those differences between us that are separating us. It is rather our refusal to recognize those differences, and to examine the distortions which result from our misnaming them and their effects upon human behavior and expectation.’ (115) Audre Lorde. ‘Age, Race, Class and Sex: Women Redefining Difference.’ Paper delivered at the Copeland Colloquium, Amerst College, April 1980. Reproduced in Sister Outsider (Berkeley: Crossing Press, 1984). Engaged or critical pedagogy ‘education can only be liberatory when everyone claims knowledge as a field in which we all labor’ (hooks, Teaching 14). Paulo Freire , illustration by Dylan Miner for STIR. ‘reformulation of the knowledge-as-accumulatedcapital model of education’ (Mohanty 185). What might a feminist pedagogy look like? 1. How to plan and structure classes? (e.g. teacher-led, student-led, individual or collaborative, online possibilities) 2. Classroom exercises? (e.g. presentations, leading discussions, ALGs) 3. Assessment? (e.g. exam, essay, learning journal, presentations, online) 4. Seminar or lecture? (Are there other spaces or ways to teach?) If a feminist pedagogy must involve both a reformulation of what is meant by knowledge, and a mutual engagement between students and teachers, how can we do this practically?