PRACTICE QUESTIONS
CHAPTER # 5
Topics: 5.3 & 5.5
PREPARED BY: SHAH MD. NAYEEM
Question # 1
Define the following: (i) weather & (ii) climate
Answer:
It is the condition of the Earth’s atmosphere at a
given place and given time.
Climate is the average condition of the Earth’s
atmosphere (weather) over a very large area
and a longer period of time (approx. 30 years).
Question # 2
What is meant by atmosphere?
Answer:
Atmosphere is a thin layer of gases, extending
over 560 km from the Earth’s surface, that
forms a protective layer around the Earth.
Question # 3
How many layers are there in our atmosphere?
What are they?
Answer:
Our atmosphere is divided into five layers. They
are (as measured from the Earth’s surface):
(i) Troposphere,
(ii) Stratosphere,
(iii) Mesosphere,
(iv) Thermosphere and
(v) Exosphere.
Question # 4
Define atmospheric pressure.
Answer:
Atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted
on the Earth’s surface due the weight of gases
present in the air.
Question # 5
How does air creates pressure on the Earth’s
surface?
Answer:
The moving gas particles in air constantly
collide with each other and with the Earth’s
surface exerting force that creates pressure.
Question # 6
What are the common types of weather?
Answer:
The common types of weather are: sunshine,
cloudy, partly cloudy, overcast, rainy, snowy,
foggy, windy, lightning and thunder.
Question # 7
What are the factors that affect weather?
Answer:
The factors that affect weather are:
temperature, air pressure, humidity, rain fall
wind speed, cloudiness and visibility.
Question # 8
What are the factors that affect climate?
Answer:
The factors that affect weather are:
temperature, air pressure, humidity,
precipitation, wind speed, latitude-longitude,
solar radiation and altitude.
Question # 9
What are the different climate zones?
Answer:
The different climate zones are: polar, tundra,
mountain, temperate, mediterranean, arid and
tropical.
Question # 10
What are the different climate zones?
Answer:
The different climate zones are: polar, tundra,
mountain, temperate, mediterranean, arid and
tropical.
Question # 11
Describe the sequence of water cycle.
Answer:
The water cycle starts with evaporation (where
the water from the Earth’s sources turn to
vapour due to the heat of the Sun), followed by
condensation (where the hot vapour reaches
cooler atmosphere at higher altitude and
condenses to form cloud) and then followed by
precipitation (where the clouds lose water as
different forms of precipitate).
Question # 12
Although global warming and climate change
are related to each other, what is the difference
between these two events?
Answer:
Global warming is the gradual increase in the
Earth’s surface temperature.
Climate change is the gradual change in the
condition of the Earth’s atmosphere.
Here, global warming is the cause and climate
change is the effect.
Question # 13
Describe the contents of the Earth’s early
atmosphere.
Answer:
Earth’s early atmosphere is thought to contain
gases mostly carbon dioxide, little or no oxygen,
small amounts of methane and ammonia and
some water vapour.
Question # 14
Describe the contents of the Earth’s present
atmosphere.
Answer:
Earth’s present atmosphere is found to contain
gases mostly nitrogen and then oxygen, small
amount of carbon dioxide, water vapour
methane and ammonia.
Question # 15
Write the difference between renewable and
non-renewable resources.
Answer:
Renewable resources are resources that can be
easily obtained once they get used up.
Non-renewable resources are the resources that
cannot be easily obtained once they are used
up.
Question # 16
Write one advantage and one disadvantage of
using coal to obtain energy.
Answer:
Advantage of using coal is that it very low
costing fuel.
Disadvantage is that is produces toxic gas like
carbon dioxide.
Question # 17
Write one advantage and one disadvantage of
using wind to obtain energy.
Answer:
Advantage of using wind is that it does not
produce any polluting gases.
Disadvantage is that wind is not strongly
available in all parts of the world.
Question # 18
What are the main uses of the energy obtained
from natural resources?
Answer:
The main uses are:
Transport
Electricity generation plant
Residential places
Industrial places
Question # 19
What is meant by thermal decomposition? Give
an example of thermal decomposition.
Answer:
Thermal decomposition is the breakdown of a
substance by using thermal energy (heat).
Example:
Calcium carbonate → Calcium oxide + Carbon
dioxide
Question # 20
What is meant by fossil fuel?
Answer:
Fossil fuel is the fuel formed by the action of
heat and pressure of the Earth’s surface on the
remains of dead plants and animals.