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ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET
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Qualification
BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computings
Unit number and title
Unit 16: Cloud computing
Submission date
13/3/2022
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Re-submission Date
Student Name
Class
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Date Received 1st submission
Date Received 2nd submission
LÊ XUÂN PHÚ
Student ID
BSBF190029
PBIT16101_CNTT1
Assessor name
CAO TIẾN THÀNH
Student declaration
I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand
that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.
Student’s signature
Grading grid
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ASSIGNMENT 1 BRIEF
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Qualification
BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing
Unit number
Unit 16: Cloud computing
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Assignment title
Cloud Computing Solutions
Academic Year
2021 - 2022
Unit Tutor
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Issue date
Cao Tien Thanh
Submission date
IV name and date
Submission Format:
Format:
The submission is in the form of 1 document
You must use font Calibri size 12, set number of the pages and use multiple line spacing at
1.3. Margins must be: left: 1.25 cm; right: 1 cm; top: 1 cm and bottom: 1 cm. The reference
follows Harvard referencing system.
Submission Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested by
the Tutors. The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on http://cms.btec.edu.vn/
Note:
The Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student or from
books etc. If you use ideas, quotes or data (such as diagrams) from books, journals or other sources, you
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must reference your sources, using the Harvard style. Make sure that you know how to reference
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properly, and that understand the guidelines on plagiarism. If you do not, you definitely get failed
Unit Learning Outcomes:
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LO1 Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamentals of Cloud Computing and its architectures.
LO2 Evaluate the deployment models, service models and technological drivers of Cloud Computing and
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validate their use.
Assignment Brief and Guidance:
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Scenario
ATN is a Vietnamese company which is selling toys to teenagers in many provinces all over Vietnam. The
company has the revenue over 500.000 dollars/year. Currently each shop has its own database to store
transactions for that shop only. Each shop has to send the sale data to the board director monthly and
the board director need lots of time to summarize the data collected from all the shops. Besides the
board can’t see the stock information update in real time.
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The table of contents in your technical report should be as follows:
1. Explain to the board director the fundamentals of cloud computing and how it is popular
nowadays(500 words)
2. Persuade the board director to use Cloud Computing in ATN(300 words)
3. Proposed solution (higher level solution description – around 200 words).
4. Explain the appropriateness of the solution for the scenario (350 words with images and
diagrams).
5. Architectural design (architectural diagram and description).
6. Detailed design:
a. Deployment model (discussion on why that model was chosen).
b. Service model (discussion on why that model was chosen).
c. Programming language/ webserver/database server chosen.
7. Summary.
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................................................................8
I.
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P1: Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing....................................................................................8
1.
Evolution of cloud computing..........................................................................................................................................................8
2.
fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing.................................................................................................................................10
II.
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P2 Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario..........................................................13
1.
Scenario..........................................................................................................................................................................................13
2.
Purpose of scenario.......................................................................................................................................................................13
3.
Why should we use cloud..............................................................................................................................................................13
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III. P3 Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario................................................................................................13
1.
Deployment model should be used for scenario..........................................................................................................................13
2.
The Comparison of Top Cloud Deployment Models.....................................................................................................................16
3.
Major cloud service models...........................................................................................................................................................18
4.
model selected for the project......................................................................................................................................................18
IV.
Compare the service models for choosing an adequate model for a given scenario.................................................................22
1.
The language programming we should be used...........................................................................................................................22
2.
The database we should be used..................................................................................................................................................24
3.
The diagram....................................................................................................................................................................................26
4.
Explain the diagram.......................................................................................................................................................................27
References.................................................................................................................................................................................................28
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LIST OF FIGURE AND TABLE
Figure 1: Evolution of cloud computing............................................................................................................................................9
Figure 2: Cloud Computing.............................................................................................................................................................12
Figure 3 Public cloud......................................................................................................................................................................15
Figure 4: Private Cloud...................................................................................................................................................................16
Figure 5: Community Cloud............................................................................................................................................................17
Figure 6: Hybrid cloud....................................................................................................................................................................18
Table1: Comparison of Top Cloud Deployment Models..................................................................................................................19
Table 2. Compare SaaS, PaaS, IaaS.................................................................................................................................................23
Table 3. Compare Node.JS and PHP................................................................................................................................................25
Table 4. Compare NoSQL and SQL..................................................................................................................................................27
Figure 7: Diagram of PaaS..............................................................................................................................................................28
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INTRODUCTION
This assignment will provide details about the development and concepts of Cloud Computing. ATN now includes many
stores that are using the traditional and unoptimized storage model, it takes a long time for data statistics and management
cannot update the stock information in real time. My task is to find out whether Cloud Computing should be applied to ATN.
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P1: Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing.
1. Evolution of cloud computing
Cloud computing is all about renting computing services. This idea first came in the 1950s. In making cloud computing
what it is today, five technologies played a vital role. These are distributed systems and its peripherals, virtualization,
web 2.0, service orientation, and utility computing.
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Figure 1: Evolution of cloud computing
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Distributed Systems:
It is a composition of multiple independent systems but all of them are depicted as a single entity to the users.
The purpose of distributed systems is to share resources and also use them effectively and efficiently.
Distributed systems possess characteristics such as scalability, concurrency, continuous availability,
heterogeneity, and independence in failures. But the main problem with this system was that all the systems
were required to be present at the same geographical location. Thus to solve this problem, distributed
computing led to three more types of computing and they were-Mainframe computing, cluster computing,
and grid computing.
Mainframe computing:
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
Mainframes which first came into existence in 1951 are highly powerful and reliable computing machines.
These are responsible for handling large data such as massive input-output operations. Even today these are
used for bulk processing tasks such as online transactions etc. These systems have almost no downtime with
high fault tolerance. After distributed computing, these increased the processing capabilities of the system.
But these were very expensive. To reduce this cost, cluster computing came as an alternative to mainframe
technology.
Cluster computing:
In 1980s, cluster computing came as an alternative to mainframe computing. Each machine in the cluster was
connected to each other by a network with high bandwidth. These were way cheaper than those mainframe
systems. These were equally capable of high computations. Also, new nodes could easily be added to the
cluster if it was required. Thus, the problem of the cost was solved to some extent but the problem related to
geographical restrictions still pertained. To solve this, the concept of grid computing was introduced.
Grid computing:
In 1990s, the concept of grid computing was introduced. It means that different systems were placed at
entirely different geographical locations and these all were connected via the internet. These systems
belonged to different organizations and thus the grid consisted of heterogeneous nodes. Although it solved
some problems but new problems emerged as the distance between the nodes increased. The main problem
which was encountered was the low availability of high bandwidth connectivity and with it other network
associated issues. Thus. cloud computing is often referred to as “Successor of grid computing”.
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Virtualization:
It was introduced nearly 40 years back. It refers to the process of creating a virtual layer over the hardware
which allows the user to run multiple instances simultaneously on the hardware. It is a key technology used in
cloud computing. It is the base on which major cloud computing services such as Amazon EC2, VMware
vCloud, etc work on. Hardware virtualization is still one of the most common types of virtualization.

Web 2.0:
It is the interface through which the cloud computing services interact with the clients. It is because of Web
2.0 that we have interactive and dynamic web pages. It also increases flexibility among web pages. Popular
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examples of web 2.0 include Google Maps, Facebook, Twitter, etc. Needless to say, social media is possible
because of this technology only. In gained major popularity in 2004.
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Service orientation:
It acts as a reference model for cloud computing. It supports low-cost, flexible, and evolvable applications.
Two important concepts were introduced in this computing model. These were Quality of Service (QoS) which
also includes the SLA (Service Level Agreement) and Software as a Service (SaaS).
Utility computing:
It is a computing model that defines service provisioning techniques for services such as compute services
along with other major services such as storage, infrastructure, etc which are provisioned on a pay-per-use
basis.
Thus, the above technologies contributed to the making of cloud computing.
2. fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing
In the simplest terms, cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet from a
remote location or computer instead of our computer’s hard drive. This so called remote location has several
properties such as scalability, elasticity etc., which is significantly different from a simple remote machine. The cloud
is just a metaphor for the Internet. When we store data on or run a program from the local computer’s hard drive,
that is called local storage and computing. For it to be considered cloud computing, we need to access our data or
programs over the Internet. The end result is the same; however, with an online connection, cloud computing can
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be done anywhere, anytime, and by any device.
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Figure 2: Cloud Computing

NIST Definition of Cloud Computing.
The formal definition of cloud computing comes from the National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST): “Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a
shared pool of config-urable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services)
that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal manage-ment effort or service provider interaction.
This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment
models.
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
It means that the computing resource or infrastructure—be it server hardware, storage, network, or
application software—all available from the cloud vendor or provider’s site/premises, can be accessible over
the Internet from any remote location and by any local computing device.
Cloud Computing Is a Service
The simplest thing that any computer does is allow us to store and retrieve information. We can store our
family photographs, our favorite songs, or even save movies on it, which is also the most basic service offered
by cloud computing. Let us look at the example of a popular application called Flickr to illustrate the meaning
of this section. While Flickr started with an emphasis on sharing photos and images, it has emerged as a great
place to store those images. In many ways, it is supe-rior to storing the images on your computer:
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1. First, Flickr allows us to easily access our images no matter where we are or what type of device we are
using. While we might upload the photos of our vacation from our home computer, later, we can
easily access them from our laptop at the office.
2. Second, Flickr lets us share the images. There is no need to burn them to a CD or save them on a flash drive.
We can just send someone our Flickr address to share these photos or images.
3. Third, Flickr provides data security. By uploading the images to Flickr, we are providing ourselves with data
security by creating a backup on the web. And, while it is always best to keep a local copy—either on a
computer, a CD, or a flash drive—the truth is that we are far more likely to lose the images that we store
locally than Flickr is of losing our images.
Cloud Computing Is a Platform
The World Wide Web (WWW) The basic meaning of the term platform is that it is the support on which
applications run or give results to the users. For example, Microsoft Windows is a platform. But, a platform
does not have to be an operating system. Java is a platform even though it is not an operating system.
Through cloud computing, the web is becoming a platform. With trends (applications) such as Office 2.0, more
and more applications that were originally available on desktop computers are now being converted into
web–cloud applications. Word processors like Buzzword and office suites like Google Docs are now available in
the cloud as their desktop counter-parts. All these kinds of trends in providing applications via the cloud are
turning cloud computing into a platform or to act as a platform.
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II.
P2 Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario.
1. Scenario
ATN is a Vietnamese company which is selling toys to teenagers in many provinces all over Vietnam. The company has the
revenue over 500.000 dollars/year. Currently each shop has its own database to store transactions for that shop only. Each
shop has to send the sale data to the board director monthly and the board director need lots of time to summarize the data
collected from all the shops. Besides the board can’t see the stock information update in real time.
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2. Purpose of scenario
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Deploying website projects on cloud computing will help us:
- reduce management costs, infrastructure and redundant internal services that the website does not use.
- Easy to manage data in the cloud.
- can be used when we are anywhere (only need internet).
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3. Why should we use cloud
In the context of information technology industrialization, deploying data on the cloud makes it easier for ATN to manage the
source code, minimize costs for unnecessary things and when deploying the website to the computer. The cloud will help the
company have many benefits such as easier access to more customers, more convenience, more sales, easy management
and daily reports, and when using cloud computing, it will help Website linking with larger websites and relying on the
ecosystem in cloud computing services will help the company reach many potential customers, bring the company's revenue
to a new level and break through the sales profit.
III.
P3 Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario.
1. Deployment model should be used for scenario
There are 4 best implementation models: public, private, hybrid and community clouds.
 Public Cloud: public clouds are available to the general public, and data are created and stored on third-party
servers.
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Figure 3 Public cloud
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Private Cloud: is a solution that is hosted internally (on-premises) or externally (datacentre), on an
infrastructure that is not shared between different users. This architecture is perfect for organisations that
need to maintain exclusive control over their cloud environments. The private cloud is fully managed by and
for an organisation, and meets all the very strictest security requirements. This means it can manage sensitive
data, and guarantee optimal regulatory compliance. Our Hosted Private Cloud solutions address these
challenges by offering a secure, compliant and certified private datacentre. Everything is offered on a pay-asyou-go basis — the solution, data stores, hosts and licences.
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Figure 4: Private Cloud
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Community Cloud: Community Cloud is a hybrid form of private cloud. They are multi-tenant platforms that
enable different organizations to work on a shared platform.
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Figure 5: Community Cloud
Hybrid Cloud: A Hybrid cloud is one in which applications are running in a combination of different
environments, combination of public and private clouds.
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Figure 6: Hybrid cloud
2. The Comparison of Top Cloud Deployment Models
Ease of setup and
use
Public
Private
Community
Hybrid
Easy
Requires IT proficiency
Requires IT proficiency
Requires IT proficiency
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Data security and
privacy
Low
High
Data control
Little to
none
High
High
Comparatively high
Comparatively high
Comparatively high
High
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Reliability
Comparatively high
Low
High
High
High
Fixed capacity
High
Cost-effectiveness
The
cheapest
Cost-intensive; the most
expensive model
Cost is shared among
community members
Cheaper than a private model but
more costly than a public one
Demand for in-house
hardware
No
Depends
Depends
Depends
Scalability and
flexibility
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Table1: Comparison of Top Cloud Deployment Models
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3. Major cloud service models
There are three major cloud service models: software as a service (SaaS), infrastructure as a service (IaaS) and platform as
a service (PaaS).
 software as a service (SaaS)
Software as a service vendors host the applications, making them available to users via the internet. With
SaaS, businesses don't have to install or download any software to their existing IT infrastructures. SaaS
ensures that users are always running the most up-to-date versions of the software. The SaaS provider
handles maintenance and support.
 infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
Infrastructure as a service is used by companies that don't want to maintain their own on-premises data
centers. IaaS provides virtual computing resources over the Internet. The IaaS cloud vendor hosts the
infrastructure components that typically exist in an on-premises data center, including servers, storage and
networking hardware, as well as the hypervisor or virtualization layer.
 platform as a service (PaaS)
Platform as a service offers developers a platform for software development and deployment over the
internet, enabling them to access up-to-date tools. PaaS delivers a framework that developers can use to
create customized applications. The organization or the PaaS cloud vendor manage the servers, storage and
networking, while the developers manage the applications.
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4. model selected for the project
we have a solution that is PaaS for the company's project to deploy on cloud computing. And we will explain why we
chose them in the section below.
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Compare deployment models
IaaS
SaaS
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PaaS
Paradigm shift
Infrastructure as an asset
License purchasing
Software as an asset
Characteristics
Dynamic cloud
Save the time, money
Access for enterprise can
Easy to management and
custom design and building
upgrade security
application in SaaS with
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computing .
Easy to access to query
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storage, network, server,
special software components.
and automation.
Easy to expanding
Hardware can be
purchased additionally
based on usage.
Highly expanding.
Resource can buy if they
need.
Features
Resources available as a
Service management from
Built on virtualization
service.
central location.
technology, resources can
Cost varies depending on
Put on remote server.
easily scale up or down as
consumption.
Access on Internet.
your business changes.
Highly scalable services
Users do not need to
Provides a variety of services
Often there are multiple
upgrade hardware and
for application development,
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users on a particular
software.
testing, and deployment.
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hardware.
Multiple users can access the
Provide complete control
same service application at
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over your organization's
infrastructure.
Flexible.
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Benefits
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Disadvantage
the same time.
Web services and databases
are integrated.
Limit capital expenditure
Limit capital expenditure
Streamlined version
on hardware and human
on software and
deployment
resource.
development resource.
Low barriers to entry.
Reduced risk.
Business efficiency and
Centralization of data
productivity largely
requires new security
depends on the vendor’s
measures
Centralization of data requires
capabilities
Centralization requires
new security measures
When use
When capital budget is
If server error, software
If you are a developer or a
greater than operating
Short-term projects that
enterprise work with many
budget.
require cooperation.
people or same supplier.
There is no regular need.
PaaS provide best speed and
If the software need to
generic to whole process.
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access from mobile and
Custom applications with our
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website.
own.
Table 2. Compare SaaS, PaaS, IaaS
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After compare, the purpose of company is need an environment to testing and service their custom website in own
project mind to a cloud can support to run their source code and PaaS is a best model for deploy because PaaS has
support source code language programming complier and database. And team developer need an environment to
development website has support server can run the website in environment on brower and complier them.
Compare the service models for choosing an adequate model for a given scenario
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1. The language programming we should be used
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To develop website in company, we need to choose a language programming to develop them. We have 2 options for
develop language programming are Node.JS (JavaScript Framework) and PHP. And We will compare for this 2 language
programming and decision to choose a best language programming to develop website.
Framework & module
Node.JS
PHP
Node.JS has one framework is
PHP has Symfony, Laravel,
Express JS.
Codeignter,….
Module easy to use and huge
Module easy to use and huge
module support for project
module support than Node.JS.
support by Node Package
Built-in no need to install.
Manager (NPM).
Community
More than 65% website power
80% of website powered by PHP
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by Node.JS and grow up day by
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day.
Speed & Performance
Node.JS faster than PHP
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Support Client and Server
Library Quality
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Synchronous
Asynchronous
Database
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PHP lower than Node.JS
Support both Client-Server Side
Support only Sever-Side
Lack of quality control of
There is a censorship of the quality
Node.JS modules
of the modules
None Information
PHP is a synchronous language
Node.JS is a asynchronous
PHP is not a asynchronous
Node.JS must connect with
PHP has built-in database support
databases through NPM
Best with SQL (MySQL)
libraries.
Node.JS is a best if Node.JS
match with NoSQL Database
Scalability
Easy to scalability
Requires proficiency in the language
Website using
Netflix, PayPal, Twitter, Yahoo,
Facebook, WordPress, Wikipedia,
eBay
Digg
Table 3. Compare Node.JS and PHP
After compare, We knew both language is the best develop for website and always has disadvantage. In the website of
ATN company is a E-Commerce website to sell toys and has a huge client to access website,. This things need a language
programming can support process to fast and withstand heavy traffic access. So, We decided to choose Node.JS for
development our project.
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Language programming for Development: Node.JS
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2. The database we should be used
To choose the database for save the data of website and data of company. We have two database NoSQL and SQL. And
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We will compare for this 2 database and decision to choose a best database match with Node.JS to storage data and
process them.
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SQL
NoSQL
Relational database
NoSQL is distributed database
RDBMS using syntax and query
NoSQL with many technology
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SQL to analyst and get details
database. Using to develop for
data
modern applications
Structured query language (SQL)
NoSQL does not using query
Type
SQL Databases is a database
NoSQL based on database
based on table.
folder, couple key-value.
SQL databases have predefined
NoSQL databases use dynamic
schema
schema for unstructured data.
SQL databases are vertically
NoSQL databases are
scalable
horizontally scalable
Brand Provider
Oracle, Ms-SQL
MongoDB, Redis, Neo4j
Hierarchical Data Storage
Complex
Not suitable for complex queries
Variations
One with a slight variation
With many type to storage key
Define
Design for
Language query
Schema
Scalability
language
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and value
Open-source
A combination of open source
Open source
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like Postgres & MySQL, and
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commercial like Oracle
Database.
Best offer
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Hardware
Network
ACID & BASE Model
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Performance
Reasonable for solve the ACID
NoSQL is best used to solve data
availability problems
Specialized DB hardware
Commodity hardware
Highly available network
Commodity network
ACID (Atomicity, Consistency,
Basic
Isolation, and Durability) is a
standard for RDBMS
Very good and fast if design
Faster than SQL
database good and clean
Common
Common than NOSQL
Grow up very fast
Table 4. Compare NoSQL and SQL
After compare, We have decided to choose NoSQL for our website because we need a database can query faster and can
expanding easy more and more because we do not have many individuals employee. And we decided to choose
MongoDB is a best NoSQL support for many application.
Type Database: NoSQL
Database provider brand: Mongoose DB
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3. The diagram
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Figure 7: Diagram of PaaS
4. Explain the diagram
At the Software and OS step is the first step to deploying an application to the cloud, first developers need to complete
their application to see if the application is stable on internal and external environments. complete or not and this is the
first step (Software & operating systems).
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To the next step we need to choose a cloud service that supports deploying our application and works stably, here we will
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choose Heroku as one of the best cloud services with support for Platforms are stable and support great under the
infrastructure of Amazon Web Service but have been revised to make it easy to develop applications with modern multi-
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language programming and Databases like Node.JS & NoSQL mentioned earlier in hosting a programming language to
develop our company's application. (Cloud Services).
Above all, After choosing a cloud service, the next step is to deploy the application to the provider's cloud server and
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follow their deployment step-by-step instructions.
After all, successfully deploying the system to the cloud, we will have a complete path given to us by the provider under
their domain name and just need users to access that domain name, they will access into our application.
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References

GeeksforGeeks. 2020. Evolution of Cloud Computing - GeeksforGeeks. [ONLINE] Available at:
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/evolution-of-cloud-computing/. [Accessed 13 March 2022].

Technology Idea Lab, S., 2020. The Fundamentals of Cloud Computing | by Sagara Technology Idea Lab |
Medium. [ONLINE] Medium. Available at: https://sagaratechnology.medium.com/the-fundamentals-of-cloud-
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

computing-ae69ca7ff576. [Accessed 13 March 2022].
Shaptunova, Y., 2020. 4 Best Cloud Deployment Models [An Overview] | SaM Solutions. [ONLINE] SaM Solutions.
Available at: https://www.sam-solutions.com/blog/four-best-cloud-deployment-models-you-need-to-know/. [Accessed
13 March 2022].
Sirius Edge. 2017. The Top 3 Cloud Computing Service Models - Sirius Edge. [ONLINE] Available at:
https://edge.siriuscom.com/cloud/the-top-3-cloud-computing-service-models. [Accessed 13 March 2022].
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