Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SELF LEARNING MODULES
AND ACTIVITY SHEETS
INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY
OF THE HUMAN PERSON
A Core Subject for Senior High School Learners
RITCHIL A. ALOLOR
SST-1, Humanities and Social Sciences-C
REX JR. M. ANDANTE
SST-1, Humanities and Social Sciences-C
LEO CRIS T. BAJAO
SST-1, Humanities and Social Sciences-C
SENNYLEE G. MISLANG
SST-1, Humanities and Social Sciences-C
RONA A. BAÑAS
MT-1, Humanities and Social Sciences-C
Subject Head
MODULE 3
MODULE 4
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
WEEKLY HOME LEARNING PLAN
Grade 12
Quarter 1 - Week #3 and Week #4
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Day &
Time
6:30 AM
– 7:00
AM
7:00 AM
– 8:00
AM
8:00 AM
– 12:00
Noon
Learning
Learning
Area
Competency
Wake Up, Make up your bed, exercise
12:00
Noon –
1:00 PM
1:00 PM
– 2:00
PM
Lunch with the family
Learning Tasks
Mode of
Delivery
Eat Breakfast, take a bath and be ready for the activity of the day
Introduction to
the philosophy
of the human
person
Nap Time
1. Recognize
how
the
human body
imposes limits
and
the
possibilities
for
their
transcendence.
(PPT11/12-If3.1)
2. Evaluate own
limitations and
the
possibilities
for
their
transcendence
(PPT11/12Ig-3.2)
Lesson 1:
1. Answer
summative test
(lessons from
week 1 & 2)
2. Perform Pretest (What I
Know)
3. Perform
What’s New
4. Read and
understand the
contents of the
lesson. (What
Is it)
5. Perform
What’s More
 Activity #1
 Activity #2
 Activity #3
 Activity #4
6. Answer the
Assessment
Send outputs
through GC,
Email or
through
links
Have the
parent handin the output
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
2:00 PM
– 4:00
PM
Introduction
to the
Philosophy of
the Human
Person
1. Notice things
that are not in
their
proper
place
and
organize them
in an aesthetic
way.
2. Show that care
for
the
environment
contributes to
health,
wellbeing
and
sustainable
development.
3. Demonstrate
the virtues of
prudence and
frugality
towards
environments.
Prepared by:
RITCHIL A. ALOLOR
REX JR. ANDANTE
LEO CRIS T. BAJAO
SENNYLEE G. MISLANG
Subject Teachers
1. Perform Pre-test to the focal
2. Learn about the person by
topic pages 3-6
Barangay
3. Perform
Activity#4.0
4. Perform
Activity#4.1
5. Learn about the
topic pages 8-9
6. Perform
Activity#4.2.2
7. Perform activity
4.3
8. Learn lesson 4.4
9. Perform activity
#4.4
10. Perform
Assessment
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Lesson 3: THE HUMAN PERSON AS AN EMBODIED SPIRIT
Background Information for Learners:
In this lesson, you are expected to learn about the difference between Man, Human and
Person, and their roles to the society. The topic will help us identify and recognize our own
limitations and possibilities as we deal to various events in our lives.
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
Learning Competency with Code:
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
3. Recognize how the human body imposes limits and the possibilities for their
transcendence. (PPT11/12-If-3.1)
4. Evaluate own limitations and the possibilities for their transcendence (PPT11/12-Ig3.2)
WHAT I KNOW
Let us remember and answer the following questions based from your prior knowledge.
Don’t be afraid, this one is set to get you ready on our topic. I know you can do it! Let’s go!
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Read and analyze the questions and statements carefully. Write the letter of your
chosen answer in your activity notebook.
1. It is the term commonly used to represent the entire human race.
A. Human being
B. Human nature
C. Man
D. Person
2. It is a general term which refers to the deepest and natural behavior of a person that
distinguish human from animals. It consists of collective traits that formed and
considered the very essence of humanity.
A. Human being
B. Human nature
C. Man
D. Person
3. It is the term used to describe humans who are not just mere humans different from
animals but with inherent birth rights and exact origin of his/her classification.
A. Human being
C. Human nature
B. Human creature
D. Human person
4. Carlo is a tall person with brown hair and brown eyes. What aspect of the human person
is being described in the statement?
A. Cognitive Self
C. Psychological Self
B. Physical Self
D. Sociological Self
5. Marie is very cheerful and friendly to her classmates. What aspect of the human person
is being described in the statement?
A. Cognitive Self
C. Psychological Self
B. Physical Self
D. Sociological Self
6. Which of the following is NOT an essential component of the human person?
A. Conscience
B. Mind
C. Soul
D. Spirit
7. Which of the following BEST describes the concept of embodiment?
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
A. Human person is essentially his/her body and nothing more.
B. Human person is essentially his/her spirit and nothing more.
C. Human person is essentially the unity of his/her body and spirit.
D. Human person is essentially a separate entity of the body and the spirit.
8. Which of the following experiences describe the concept of embodiment?
A. Joy attaches a sentimental value to a pair of rubber shoes which was given by her
mother.
B. Kim associates love with hypothalamus, a part of the brain that is responsible for
feelings.
C. Ivy recalls a happy moment in her life and still feel the same happiness he felt at that
moment.
D. Trina received a pat in her shoulder from her best friend and felt completely
relieved at that moment.
9. Vincent loses his arm and leg due to a car accident. He loses a part of his physical body
which makes up his physical identity. Which of the following statements is true about
the concept of embodiment?
A. Vincent can still be considered a human person despite losing a part of his identity.
B. Vincent is not fully considered a human person since he lacks one aspect of his
identity.
C. Neither a nor b
D. None of the above
10. A criminal who have committed a heinous offense can still be considered a human
person despite of his cruelty and inhumane act. The statement is ___________.
A. True, the dignity is still retained in spite of his actions because it is his inherent
right.
B. False, the dignity of humans are removed once they don’t treat other people just and
right.
C. Neither a nor b
D. None of the above
11. What is the branch of Philosophy that studies the method of acquiring and validating
knowledge?
A. Metaphysics
B. Ethics
C. Politics
D. Aesthetics
12. Who is the founder of Phenomenology?
A. Jean Paul Sartre
C. Edmund Husserl
B. Martin Heidegger
D. Simone de Beauvoir
13. What point of view is central to the phenomenological method?
A. First person point of view
C. Third person point of view
B. Second person point of view
D. Absence of any point of view
14. What is the proper order of logical thinking?
A. Concept-Perception-Inference-Proposition
B. Proposition-Inference-Perception-Concept
C. Perception-Concept-Proposition-Inference
D. Inference-Proposition-Concept-Perception
15. How do you know if a statement is true according to the Correspondence theory?
A. If you believe that it is true
B. If philosophers believe that it is true
C. If a statement is based on facts of reality
D. If the statement is universally acknowledged to be true
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
WHAT’S NEW
Direction. On the blank spaces, analyze the concentric circles and write a short interpretation
based on your understanding.
WHAT IS IT
Terminologies:
 Man - it is generally and commonly define to represent the entire human race.
 Human - a term used o refer for various classifications and species. For a living
man, human is under the classification of Mamalia.
 Human Being - a term used to separate man from other Human Classifications
like animals.
 Person - refers to an individual who possess self-awareness, selfdetermination, rational mind, and the capacity to interact with other and with
himself/herself.
 Personhood - a general term refers to the state of being a person with unique,
sacred and ethical status within him/herself.
 Human Nature - a general term refers to the deepest and natural behavior of
a person that distinguish human from animals. A collective trait considered to
be the very essence of humanity.
THE HUMAN PERSON
From the definition provided above, the human and the person, respectively, are defined
with classified origin of species and persons with birth rights. Human person is someone with
an exact origin of his/her classification. From the biblical perspective, we came from Adam
and Eve. For Science, we came from an Ape under the Class: Mamallia. Human person from
time after time learned how to live beyond what was traditional through the various human
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
evolutions from Hominid to Homo Sapiens or the Modern Man people learn the concept of
power, politics and economics. These reasons served as basis which led to a more structured
political and economic system. Thus, rights of an individual is considered. A human person is
typically with a body which is tangible and has three components composed of SOUL, MIND
and SPIRIT. Also, he or she is entitled and granted rights and privileges by the state which he
or she legally belong.
There are two general kinds to distinguish a human person:
1. The Cognitive Self (something within and cannot be physically seen) is the essential
components of a human persons that deals with THE WHAT OF A PERSON which
includes human persons’ belief, desire, dreams, and intentions.
2. The Physical Self (something can be seen in his/her physical appearance) which deals
with the essential features of the human way of life or THE WHO OF A PERSON
which includes his/her body type, strength and appearances.
THE EMBODIED SPIRIT
Embodied spirit is an animating core living within each of us. It is known to be the
driving force behind what we actually think, do and say. It is indeed the reflections of our total
being by which our sensations lead to our human feelings, emotions and decision. The usual
and known connotation that comes to our mind when we hear the word “embodied” is always
materialized or became flesh (with physical form). Thus, when we say “embodied spirit”, we
normally believed and conclude of a spirit becoming flesh. In the context and views of Christian
philosophy, the embodiment of the spirit particularly refers to the inseparable union of human
body and soul. Inseparable which also means the body and soul work together at all times.
Hence, we can safely say that “embodied spirit” that the body is not separate from the soul, just
as the soul is not separate from the body.
THE HUMAN PERSON as EMBODIED SPIRIT
As an embodied spirit human being demonstrate these following qualities (Abella,
2016):
1. “Self- awareness refers to person having a clear perception of oneself, including his or
her thoughts, emotions, identity, and actions (Abella, 2016).” The self is the subject that
thinks, feels and acts. It is your I amness (Wilber, 2006). The self enables a person to
experience an inner world of dreams, thoughts, imagination, fantasy (Abella, 2016).
Thus, the self represents man’s interiority (loob in Filipino).
2. A human person is able to connect and interact with another person, an animal or an
inanimate object. We call this externality. So even though human beings have
interiority they are not trapped inside their heads. They are able to go beyond their
limited selves and embrace others.
3. We are not determined by others. Because we have interiority; we can direct the course
of our own life. This is what we call self-determination which is “the capability of
persons to make choices and decisions based on their own preferences, monitor and
regulate their actions, and be goal oriented and self-directed” (Abella 2016) Thus,
human beings are free. However, since our actions are based on our decisions, we have
to realized that every decision has a consequence(s). There are some actions that are
good because they lead to good consequences and some actions are bad because they
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
lead to bad consequences. The result of our freedom is morality which is “the goodness
or badness of an act” (Abella 2016)
4. A human person has an inherent value and importance. This is what we call dignity.
That is why no amount of money can equal the value of a human life. This is also the
reason why individual rights are absolute (Rand 1964). The American Founding Fathers
called rights as “inalienable” because it cannot be separated from our humanity. If we
are stripped off of our rights, we are stripped of our humanity. That is why slaves (who
have no rights) are not being treated as human.
HUMAN TRANSCENDENCE
St. Thomas Aquinas, a philosopher and one of the greatest theologian in the Catholic
Church in the 13th century, said that “of all creatures, human beings have the unique power to
change themselves and things for the better.” (Ramos, 2016). We have encountered persons
who complain of any given situations or accept the reality or status in life as God-given thing.
We heard a man sighing on TV during the early stage of Covid-19, “mahirap maging mahirap.”
Though it is true that poverty is not just personal but also structural, as an individual person
you know that you can do something to change the situation. This power is your ability to
surpass your limits. This is the definition of Transcendence. You are able to transcend your
limit through your physical and mental abilities. (Abella, 2016).
Religion and philosophy teach human beings to overcome our limits. In technological
parlance, humans can upgrade themselves. Take for example, Buddhism. Buddha realized that
all people suffers. Maybe in your case you just accept your own suffering as part of life but not
for Buddha. This reality ignited his curiosity to examine and understand the word suffering. He
left his royal life in the palace and spent his life for 6 years in the wilderness to find answers
for his questions. And when he sat under the Tree of Enlightenment for 40 days, voila he finds
the answers. The Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Paths. For example, “The Eightfold Path”
of Buddhism shown below:
If you notice this is a universal principle being taught not
just by Buddhism? These are the values what human
person needs to succeed. These are examples of the power
mentioned by St. Thomas to change ourselves. If you can
do the eightfold path even if you are not a Buddhist, you
can transform yourselves from your present situation and
transcend to what you desire you would be. Just believe
in yourselves.
The Human Body in Imposing Limits and Possibilities
From a biological and physical standpoint, it can be recognized that the human body,
although it can perform many functions, also has limitations. Limits in the environment,
demographics, and society may also hinder a person from reaching transcendence. Here are
some examples:
Bodily Limitations
 mental and emotional disorders (e.g. anxiety, intellectual disability)
 disabilities (e.g. amputated leg, deafness)
 diseases and illnesses (e.g. hypertension, cough)
 failures and experiences (e.g. failing a subject)
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Social and Environmental Limitations
 socioeconomic status
 location of neighborhood (e.g. armed, disorganized, or violent neighborhood)

abusive relationships (e.g. emotional abuse)
 negative influences (e.g. drug use)
Overcoming Limitations
Bodily limits can be tested by trying on new experiences and working on challenges
with increasing levels of difficulty. The human body, if given enough exposure to any situation,
can attain a goal with efficiency.
Social and environmental limitations are more difficult to overcome than bodily
limitations because they involve the influence of other people and the external world. However,
with a proper mindset, clearly defined goals, and motivation to rise above challenges, one may
successfully overcome his or her limitations.
Limitations of Transcendence
 may not occur to everyone
 does not come at a specified period
 varies across all people
 may coincide with physical
limitations of the body
Possibilities for Transcendence
 developing a positive outlook in life
 working towards reaching a goal
 learning from experience
It is also important to know that transcendence may be applied to present worries by
living in the present. This means that life is lived from moment to moment in a carefree and
exuberant manner where concerns for stress are reserved for the future, and regrets or guilt
feelings are kept in the past.
WHAT’S MORE
Directions/ Instructions: This activity sheet is focused on knowing and understanding oneself;
the human person as an embodied spirit. This activity should be done within 1 week.
Activity 1: I Recognize Myself. Take the time to remember your past experiences and chance
to look forward on the future. Kindly fill up all the information needed to complete
the table.
Strengths
Weaknesses
Desires
Abilities
Talents
Fears
Hesitations
What I can do
(I can)
(I always do)
(I can’t)
(I am afraid)
more?
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Activity 2: Describe Yourself: How do you view yourself as a HUMAN PERSON?
Activity 3: I KNOW WHAT TO DO. Kindly answer and complete the sentence being asked to
you.
I have known that…____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________.
I realized that…________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________.
Activity 4: MYSELF, MY FAMILY, MY COMMUNITY! Answer the real-life questions
provided to you. No wrong answers, just give your best!
1. As a student, how can you conquer the challenges posed by this pandemic?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
2. How did the present crisis make you realize the reality of human limitations, uncertainties
and possibilities?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
3. In your own simple ways (with considerations to the limitations brought by this pandemic),
what are the things that you can do to address environmental issues of the community?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Assessment
This portion will measure your acquired knowledge based from the lessons
learned in our module.
I - MULTIPLE CHOICES
DIRECTION: Read and analyze the questions and statements carefully.
Write the letter of your chosen answer in the yellow paper.
1. Marie is very cheerful and friendly to her classmates. What aspect of the human person is
being described in the statement?
a. Cognitive Self
c. Psychological Self
b. Physical Self
d. Sociological Self
2. A criminal who have committed a very heinous offense can still be considered a human
person despite of his cruelty and inhumane act. The statement is ___________.
a. True, the dignity is still retained in spite of his actions because it is his inherent right.
b. False, the dignity of humans are removed once they don’t treat other people just and
right.
c. Neither a nor b
d. None of the above
3. Carlo is a tall person with brown hair and brown eyes. What aspect of the human person is
being described in the statement?
a. Cognitive Self
c. Psychological Self
b. Physical Self
d. Sociological Self
4. Which of the following BEST describes the concept of embodiment?
a. Human person is essentially his/her body and nothing more.
b. Human person is essentially his/her spirit and nothing more.
c. Human person is essentially the unity of his/her body and spirit.
d. Human person is essentially a separate entity of the body and the spirit.
5. Which of the following experiences describe the concept of embodiment?
a. Joy attaches a sentimental value to a pair of rubber shoes which was given by her
mother.
b. Kim associates love with hypothalamus, a part of the brain that is responsible for
feelings.
c. Ivy recalls a happy moment in her life and still feel the same happiness he felt at that
moment.
d. Trina received a pat in her shoulder from her best friend and felt completely relieved
at that moment.
6. It is the term commonly used to represent the entire human race.
a. Human being
b. Human nature
c. Man
d. Person
7. Vincent loses his arm and leg due to a car accident. He loses a part of his physical body
which makes up his physical identity. Which of the following statements is true about
the concept of embodiment?
a. Vincent can still be considered a human person despite losing a part of his identity.
b. Vincent is not fully considered a human person since he lacks one aspect of his
identity.
c. Neither a nor b
d. None of the above
8. Which of the following is NOT an essential component of the human person?
a. Conscience
b. Mind
c. Soul
d. Spirit
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
9. It is the term used to describe humans who are not just mere humans different from
animals but with inherent birth rights and exact origin of his/her classification.
a. Human being
c. Human nature
b. Human creature
d. Human person
10. It is a general term which refers to the deepest and natural behavior of a person that
distinguish human from animals. It consists of collective traits that formed and
considered the very essence of humanity.
a. Human being
b. Human nature
c. Man
d. Person
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lesson
4
The Human Person
their Environment
in
John Donne: “No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the
continent, a part of the main.”
This means that as human person, it is our responsibility to treat a person with
respect not only our fellow humans but also everything in this world. Humankind is a part
of the world, and we significantly affect our environment in the same manner of what that
changes in our environment affect us.
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?
By the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. notice disorder in the environment;
2. notice things that are not in their proper place and
organize them in an aesthetic way;
3. show that care for the environment contributes to
health, well-being and sustainable development; and
4. demonstrate the virtues of prudence and thriftiness towards the environment.
WHAT I KNOW
PRE-TEST
Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the letter
of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper or in your notebook.
1. What is environment philosophy?
A. Discipline that studies the moral relationship of human beings with the
environment and its non-human contents.
B. Is part of the world, and we significantly affect in environment.
C. Significantly role of humankind in the world.
D. Extends intrinsic value and moral consideration to higher forms of animals
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
2. It believes that humans are not the only significant species on the planet.
A. Anthropocentrism
B. Panthocentrism
C. Biocentrism
D. Ecocentrism
3. A science that deals with the relationships between groups of living things and their
environments.
A. Anthropocentrism
B. Ecology
C. Ecofeminism
D. Ecocentrism
4. What is a flame in cyberspace?
A. A person who follows the rules of Netiquette.
B. An expert programmer.
C. An online chain letter.
D. A post or email message that expresses a strong opinion or criticism.
5. Knowledge and understanding of netiquette is useful because
A. it helps you create a positive impression on those you meet in cyberspace.
B. it explains some of the technical limitations of online communications.
C. it explains the conventions already being used by millions of cybernauts.
D. All of the above.
6. What type of online threat happens when an attacker uses electronic devices to do unwanted
surveillance against its victim?
A. Cyberbullying
B. Phising
C. Spamming
D. Cyberstalking
7. What type of online threat happens when the attacker impersonates another individual or
organization to gather personal or business information?
A. Cyberstalking
B. Spoofing
C. Scamming
D. Pharming
8. What type of information should you avoid giving when using the internet?
A. Phone number
B. Profile Picture
C. Shirt Size
D. Religion
9. What is the golden rule of netiquette?
a. Remember the human.
b. Put a smiley in every message.
C. Use correct grammar.
D. Respect people’s time.
10. You get an email telling you that you won a hundred thousand without joining in a
competition. You should
.
a. Claim the prize.
C. Return the email with response.
b. Ignore the email.
D. Send rude message as revenge
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
WHAT’S IN?
Lesson 4.1.1: Notice things that are not in their proper place and
organize them in an aesthetic way
Listen and sing the song together.
Examine the following pictures below then listen and sing the song
together. You can watch video clips and use it as a guide. After singing it then discuss:
“Wala ka bang napapansin sa iyong mga kapaligiran?
Kay dumi na ng hangin, pati na ang mga ilog natin. Hindi nga masama ang pag- unlad at malayolayo na rin ang ating narrating…”
–ASIN
https://philonotes.com/index.php/the-human-person-and-the-environment/
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
What signs of disorder in the environment do you see?
 What is the world made of?
 How did the world come into being?
 How can we explain the process of change?
 How did the song regard the environment?
 How did the song see the human person in the environment?
 What is the tone of the song?
 Which lyrics serve as most meaningful? Why?
Environmental philosophy is the discipline that studies the moral relationships of human beings
with the environment and its non-human contents. Philosophers believe that the human person has the
ability to change the environment to suit his purposes. It will enable them to become aware of their
relationship and its related issues in our society and their impact on the lives of human persons.
“What is the world made of?” “How did the world come into being?” and “How can we
explain the process of change?” were philosophical questions already brought up approximately 600
B.C.E. (before the common era) in the Western lonian seaport town of Miletus across the Aegean Sea
from Athens, Greece.
The speculation of the pre-Socratic philosophers represents a paradigm shift- a change from
mythical explanation of the origins of the cosmos to a more rational explanation.
Eastern sages probed nature’s depths intuitively through the eyes of spiritual sages which
Greek thinkers viewed nature through cognitive and scientific eyes (Price 2000). These thinkers were
looking for the underlying laws of nature. They wanted to understand the processes of nature by
studying nature itself, not by listening to the stories about the gods.
According to Payne (2010) there are two frameworks where humans can be related.
1. Anthropocentric Model. Based on the anthropocentric model, humans are superior and
central to the universe, thus, it is human centered.
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/hu man-person-in-the-environment
2. Ecocentric Model.
It is the ecological or relational integrity of the humans that provides meaning of our
morals and values and it is nature centered.
Devoted
to preserving
the
totality of Earth’s
biodiversity
and
the
functioning of its life –supporting system
Global Warming
https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Feurope.chin adaily.com.
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/727190671065965732/
https://missionsbox.org/news/facing-famine-crisis-in-yemen/
https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/nuclear-techniques-help-revealhigh-rate-of-soil-erosion-in-benin
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the- environment
Ecocentric Model
Econcentric model, the ecological or relational integrity of the humans provides meaning of
our morals and values and it is nature centered.
Devoted to preserving the totality of Earth’s biodiversity and the functioning of it’s life
supporting system.







Nature
Wild
Holism
Body
Relational
Earth/Wisdom
Ecology over / against human
What I can do?
https://www.bestsayingsquotes.com/quote/we-wont-have-a-society-if-we-destroy-the- environment-4104.html
ACTIVITY 4.0: Human Person in their Environment
DIRECTIONS: Interview a person who is 45-60 years old. Be guided by the following questions:
1. What are the things that you remember in your environment when you were my age?
2. What were the things that you like doing when you were young?
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
3. What are the positive and negative changes in the environment?
4. Do you think environment plays a vital role in a person’s development? Why or why not?
5. Distinguish the ecocentric from the anthropocentric models. Cite examples.
6. How do humans react to nature? Explain. In what way are your answers positive or
negative?
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 4.1 Notice disorder in the universe
DIRECTIONS: Interactive work: Write your answer in your notebook.
1. In your opinion, how can we protect, conserve and restore our environment? You can further
assess your answer by planning a nature walk or gardening.
a. How can you promote the human person in the environment through nature walk or
gardening?
b. Design: Conceptualize your designs if you will choose gardening. If you choose nature
walk, your teacher must suggest safe place such as La Mesa Dam, etc.
2. Based on the previous images, what could be improper? Are you happy with what you see or
experience in nature? How will you organize or improve the environment or world that you
belong to?
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
WHAT IS IT?
Lesson 4.2. Notice things that are not in their proper place and
organize them in an aesthetic way
A. Ancient Thinkers
Anaximander a pre-Socratic philosopher and scientist said about the
creation-Destruction. According to him, the sketch of the genesis of the
world (cosmology), the evolution of the world begins with the generation
of opposites in certain region Nature. Nature is indeterminate-boundless in
the sense that no boundaries between the warm and or the moist and dry
regions are originally present within.
https://www.philosophybasics.com/philosophers_an aximander.html
https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment
B. Modern Thinker
https://thegreatthinkers.org/kant/introduction/
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Herbert Marcuse said about the power of humans over nature, while
George Herbert Mead tackled about our duties and responsibilities.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Herb ertMarcuse
WHAT I CAN DO?
ACTIVITY 4.2.2 Notice things that are not in their proper place and
organize them in an aesthetic way
DIRECTIONS: Interactive work: Write your answer in your notebook.
1. Discussion: Compare the importance of nature from past to present.
2. Self-review: Study the ecocentric model and evaluate your personal
understandings and attitudes towards environment.
3. Visually guided learning:
A. In groups, answer how you can organize the following images in a more aesthetic
way.
B. Draw it in the activity notebook.
C. Consider how you can form the images in an aesthetic way:
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
WHAT IS IT?
Lesson 4.3. Show that care for the environment contributes to
health, well being and sustainable development
There are numerous theories to show care for the environment aside
from the ecocentric model such as deep
ecology, social ecology and ecofeminism to name some.
https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimage.slidesharecdn.com
https://www.slideshare.net/Christin
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/34299.Murray_Bookchin
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
https://www.gettyimages.dk/detail/news-photo/francoise-deaubonne-french-writer-rv- 451335-newsphoto/55758320
https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment
WHAT I CAN DO?
ACTIVITY 4.3. Show that care for the environment contributes
health, well-being and sustainable development
to
DIRECTIONS: Write your thoughts regarding these passages of this section.
a. The controlling attitude of humankind is extended to nature, when in fact, humanity is
part of nature.
b. Destroying nature is a reflection wherein few people overpower others while
exploiting the environment for profit or self-interest.
c. Fromm argues that as humans, it is also inherent in us to escape the prison cell of
selfishness.
WHAT IS IT?
Lesson 4.4. Demonstrate the virtues of prudence and frugality towards
environment
A self-supporting college student works part-time as a service crew to
be able to fund his education. He earns PhP2,000.00 more than what he
needs to pay for monthly
expenses. With this extra money, he could have bought the expensive watch he always wanted.
Thinking practically, he decided to save his money in the bank instead.
1. How will you describe this college student?
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
2. What qualities does he possess regarding handling his money?
3. How can you relate his behavior to current environment trends? Find out the answer in this
lesson!
Prudence is defined as the ability to have good judgment that allows avoidance of dangers and
risks. Meanwhile, frugality is the act of using money or other resources wisely and practically.
Prudence
covers good judgment, considering the
consequences of an action, using
common sense and discretion, exercising
caution, and conforming to reason and
decency
Frugality
The quality of being thrifty, sparing or economical
in the consumption of resources and avoiding
waste, lavishness, or extravagance
Arising from the discussions, Fromm (2013) suggested a new society that should inspire the
development of a new human being that will nurture prudence and fairness or frugality towards
environment. These are some of the functions of Fromm’s envisioned society:
1. The enthusiasm to offer up all forms of having, in order to
fully be.
2. Being fully present where one is.
3. Trying to lessen greed, hate and illusions as much as one
is adept.
4. Making the full growth of oneself and of one’s fellow
beings the utmost goal of living.
5. Not deceiving others, but also not being deceived by
others, one may be called acquitted, but not naïve.
6. Freedom that is not uncertainty but the possibility to be
oneself, not as a bundle of greedy desires, but as a
carefully
balanced structure that at any moment is
Erich Fromm
threatened with the alternatives of growth or decay, life or
https://www.brainpickings.org/2017/03/23/the-sane-society-erich-fromm/
death
7. Happiness in the manner of ever-growing
aliveness, whatever the extreme point is the destiny permits one to reach, for living as full as one can
be so agreeable that the concern for what one might not attain has little chance to develop.
8. Joy that comes from giving and sharing, not from hoarding and manipulating.
9. Developing one’s capacity for love, together with one’s capacity for critical, unsentimental
thought.
10. Shedding one’s narcissism and accepting that catastrophic boundaries inherent in human
survival.
The ideals of this humanity cross all party lines, for protecting nature needs focused
conservation, action, politically aware and support from business. If all these segments agree on the
same goals, the chance of transformation would seem to be significantly greater, especially since most
citizens have become less and less interested in part allegiance and slogans.
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
WHAT I CAN DO?
ACTIVITY 4.4. Demonstrate the virtues of prudence and frugality
towards environment
Directions: Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is happiness? If possible, relate Fromm’s view with
other philosophers
discussed.
2. What is freedom? Relate Fromm’s view with other philosophers discussed in previous
lessons.
3. What is joy? Do you agree with Fromm’s view?
A. Check your knowledge
1. What are the different environmental theories discussed in this lesson? Compare the theories.
2. What is carbon footprint?
B. Check your understanding
1. Based on your own understanding, relate and contrast the Anthropocentric and
Ecocentric Models. Write your answers inside the circle.
Anthropocentric Model
Ecocentric Model
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
2. Research about animal rights. In your opinion, do animals deserve respect? Why or why
not?
3. How do you apprehend the meaning of frugality and prudence toward the environment?
Cite three examples.
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
ASSESSMENT
Directions: Read carefully and write the letter of your answer on your
notebook.
1. What is the ability to govern and discipline oneself by the use of
reason?
a. Transcendence
b. Frugality
c. Aesthetics
d. prudence
2. What is the act of using or other resources wisely and practically?
a. Aesthetics
b. Prudence
c. Frugality
d. Economics
3. What may be a sign of an environmental disorder?
a. Lack of material things
b. Lack of resources
c. Lack of friends
d. Lack of space
4. Which among the following options is a disorder in the environment?
a. A basket of unwashed dirty clothes
b. A house with no single plant
c. A garden with dying plants
d. A library with a small number of books
5. In what way can the environment contribute to health and well-being?
a. It can be available anywhere.
b. It is the source of life.
c. It an produce products that provide medicinal value.
d. It is made up of consumers and producers.
6. In which of the following scenarios is prudence demonstrated?
a. Ordering food that you can consume
b. Searching assignment answers over the internet
c. Keeping the lights on all day
d. Being friendly to neighbors
7. Lila wants to buy an expensive phone using the money she has been saving since last year.
She asked for her friends’ opinions in making her decision.
Which among her friends is frugal?
a. Jen suggested that she should spend the money for travel abroad.
b. Marco advised her to spend the money on the expensive phone.
c. Aiza said that the she should go on a shopping spree using the money.
d. Jack suggested that she should keep the money for future, more important uses.
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CaragaRegion
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
8. Which of the given statements is true?
1. Prudence and frugality can only be applied in one environment.
2. Looking at aesthetics is a way of determining disorder.
a. both statements 1 and 2
c. statement 1
b. neither statement 1 nor 2
d. statement 2
9. what is the role of the environment in achieving sustainable development?
1. It can reproduce resources.
2. It is the venue for producer-consumer relationships.
a. Statement 1
b. Statement 2
c. Neither statement 1 nor 2
d. Both statements 1 and 2
10. Which of the given statements is true about frugality?
1. It is only limited to tangible or solid materials
2. It applies to a select few.
a. Statement 1
b. Both statement 1 and 2
c. Statement 2
d. Neither statement 1 nor 2
Congratulations!
You have completed your journey in
this module.
You did a great job!
It’s now time to go on to the next
adventure…
Good luck!
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
ANSWER KEY
REFERENCES:
1. https://www.academia.edu/35441503/Chapter_4_The_human_person_in_the_environme
n t_Objectives
2. https://philonotes.com/index.php/the-human-person-and-the-environment/
3. https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment
4. https://www.lloydluna.com/inspiring-filipino-young-entrepreneur-in-the-philippines/
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg
6. https://alvarezjocelle7629.blogspot.com/2013/07/erick-fromm.html 7.
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/727190671065965732/
8. https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Feurope.chinadaily.com.cn
%2Fc
hina%2Fimages%2Fattachement%2Fpng%2Fsite1%2F20160711%2Ff8bc126d97c418ed
33f15
f.png&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Feurope.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fchina%2F201607%2F11%2Fcontent_26036440.htm&tbnid=B0u7KON8s3rtZM&vet=12ahUKEwjRlM
7Pw6Tq
AhVM7ZQKHbWVD0AQMygJegUIARDJAQ..i&docid=9HvAPJYs9jNVWM&w=494
&h=323&itg=
1&q=stonger%20typhoons&hl=en&ved=2ahUKEwjRlM7Pw6TqAhVM7ZQKHbWVD
0AQMygJe gUIARDJAQ
9. https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/nuclear-techniques-help-reveal-high-rate-of-soilerosion-in-benin
10. https://missionsbox.org/news/facing-famine-crisis-in-yemen/
Barangay 5, San Francisco,
Agusan Sur- 8501
www.asnhs.net
085-839-5804