The Great Depression - (1929-39) (DVD-THE GREAT DEPRESSION & other resources, handouts used in class) Cause(s): 1. Stock Market crash- Banking crisis 2. overproduction 3. decline in auto, housing, and manufacturing sales What took us out of the Great Depression? WWII United States Leadership and public opinion of each president: 1. Hoover- blamed for the Great Depression- “Hoovervilles”-plywood or cardboard houses, “Hoover Blankets”-newspaper, “Hoover pocket” empty pocket w/ no $$ 2. Roosevelt- FDR-popular- people had hope in him What were some of the pastimes/activities of people during the Great Depression? 1. Marathon Dancing 2. Movies: King Kong and Gone With Wind 3. Radio New Deal- What does it mean? 3 parts of FDR’s plan: Roosevelt believed t hat together R elief, Reform, and Recovery could bring economic stability to the nation. List New Deal program w/ abbreviations and what they were to accomplish:https://www.ducksters.com/history/us_1900s/first_new_deal.php “Alphabet Soup” 1. WPA Works Program Administration they build infrastructureroads,bridges, buildings 2. CCC Civilian Conservation Corps environmental projects which help build or improve our national parks 3. TVA Tennessee Valley Authority created under the Tennessee Valley Authority Act. Planned river basin development based on dams and hydroelectricity. It helped stop flooding and brought electricity into areas that didn’t have it. 4. NRA National Recovery Administration was a prime agency established by U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933. The goal of the administration was to eliminate "cut throat competition" by bringing industry, labor, and government together to create codes of "fair practices" and set prices. 5. The FDIC is an independent government agency that “preserves and promotes public confidence in the U.S. financial system by insuring depositors for at least $250,000 per insured bank; by identifying, monitoring and addressing risks to the deposit insurance funds; and by limiting the effect on the economy and the financial system when a bank or thrift institution fails” 6. WPA Work Projects Administration the majority of WPA projects built infrastructure, such as bridges, airports, schools, parks, and water lines. 7. Social Security Act SSA established for elderly as a pension & also physically and mentally impaired. Also pays for children under 18 who have lost a parent who has paid into SS. 8. Agricultural Adjustment Administration AAA, restored agricultural prosperity during the Great Depression by curtailing farm production, reducing export surpluses, and raising prices. What and where was the Dust Bowl? (google Great Plains location) Name 2 effects of it: (black blizzards-severe dust storms that were nightlike) 1. no crops 2. people left area to better- “Okies” the people who OK during the DB Who was Dorthea Lange? How did she use her skill to show the United States during the Great Depression? (5 or more sentences- include descriptions & names of works) Started photographing the rich/elite, then Great Depression. “White Angel Breadline”. “Human face was a grim statistic.” The face shows the mood, attitude, etc of the people during this time. Facial expressions= “universal language”. Photographed “the walking wounded” of the Great Depression. “Migrant Mother” most famous photo and 20,000 pounds of food sent after this photo published! Hoboes: “Gentlemen of the Road”, over 1.5 million “Bums begged, hoboes worked”; alphabet of their own “Big Rock Candy Mountain”= California Radio: Events: 1. fireside chats w/FDR 2. Hindenburg explosion 3. Invasion of Austria-HITLER 4. War of the Worlds segment read on radio; latecomers thought Martian invasion! 👽 Famous radio journalist: Edward MurrowHe reported from Europe during WWII. Minorities in the Great Depression and how they were treated: African Americans: “last hired, first fired”, Harlem Renaissance- Af/Am writers, poets, authors, entertainers, etc.. could entertain but not be customer at various nightclubs. Harlem Riot of 1935 frustration after hearing Mexican Americans: look up Native Americans: look up Women: 1. Eleanor Roosevelt: first lady, called “eyes and ears for her husband” as it was difficult for him to travel. Held press conferences with women journalists, later was involved in the UN and declared a Declaration of Sentiments for childre 2. Dorthea Lange: had polio as child, also famous for her Japanese internment camp pictures 3. Mary McLeod Bethune: look up 4. Marian Anderson: African American singer who was refused concert by DRA and Eleanor Roosevelt had her sing on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial to a crowd of thousands. Write your Arizona New Deal Project #_____ using the 5 Ws: Who was the New Deal Group? What was it? Where was it? Why was it made/built? When? Notorious Outlaws: 1st and 5th period only Pretty Boy Floyd- bank robber--left $20 tips and was like a “Robin Hood”. People liked him as they lost their $$$ or homes to banks. Gunned down lawmen(3). Strikes: 1. 1934 largest strike ever; walked out of textile mills. “Flying Squadrons” went from their mill to others to close down and go on strike. It was an opportunity of self expression! Violence erupted and 7 killed. Even in the North disgruntled workers also struck. When strikers returned lost jobs, company homes, etc.. and felt betrayed by FDR. 2. “Memorial Day Massacre” 10 steel workers. shot to death in Chicago.
