TEACHING METHODOLOGY
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
After this lesson the students will be able to
 Know about resistance and voltage
 Develop the ability to work cooperatively
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE
After this lesson students will be able to
 To know about voltage and resistance graphic
 To develop the ability to identify metal, non metal
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
I will ask some questions about previous knowledge related to my topic.
 What is current.?
What is opposition to flow of current?
 Which parameter change when current flow in different materials?
DECLARATION
On the basis of the three question I will declare my topic that today out
topic is
“Relationship between resistance and voltage”
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PRESENTATION
 CURRENT
An electric current is the rate of flow of electric charge past a point or region.
The SI unit of electric current is the ampere, or amp, which is the flow of
electric charge across a surface at the rate of one coulomb per second.
The ampere (symbol: A) is an SI base unit Electric current is measured using a
device called an ammeter.
 VOLTAGE
Voltage, electric potential difference, electric pressure or electric tension is
the difference in electric potential between two points, which (in a static
electric field) is defined as the work needed per unit of charge to move a
test charge between the two points.
In the International System of Units, the derived unit for voltage (potential
difference) is named volt. In SI units, work per unit charge is expressed as
joules per coulomb, where 1 volt = 1 joule (of work) per 1 coulomb (of
charge)s.
 RESISTANCE
Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an
electrical circuit. Resistance is measured in ohms, symbolized by the
Greek letter omega (Ω).
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 METAL
Metal is a solid material which conduct heat & electricity ,hard, shiny,
malleable, fusible, and ductile. Nonmetal is a substance that do not
exhibit properties of metals such as hardness, luster, malleability,
ductility and the ability to conduct electricity.
 NON METAL
Nonmetal is a chemical element that mostly lacks the characteristics of
a metal. Physically, a nonmetal tends to have a relatively low melting
point, boiling point, and density. A nonmetal is typically brittle when
solid and usually has poor thermal conductivity and electrical
conductivity.
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AV AIDS
 Marker
 Textbook
 Whiteboard
 Duster
 Pictures
 Models
 Charts
 Multimedia
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Circuit
What is Electronic Circuit?
An electronic circuit is a path, in which electric current can flow. A basic circuit is the
combination of electrical components, which are wired together. The electronic circuit
is made to do a certain job out of electricity.
o Schematic
The drawing of an electric circuit is called schematic. It is used to simplify the
electronic circuit so that we can understand how the components are connected
together. All the electrical components are represented by their symbols, called
schematic symbol.
Some schematic symbols used in circuits
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o Series Circuit
Series resistors circuit
When the electronic components are connected in series with each other and power
source, they are called to be connected in series. In a series connection, the
components are connected in head-to-tail fashion. Consider the following example of
a series circuit, in which resistors are connected in series.
In a series circuit the current in the all components is same, but the voltage is divided
among them.
o Parallel Circuit

Parallel resistors circuit
A parallel circuit is the combination of electrical components in parallel with each
other and the power source. In parallel circuits, components are connected in headwith-head and tail-with-tail fashion. Consider the following schematic of the parallel
circuit, in which resistors are connected in parallel.
In a parallel circuit, the current is divided into each branch. But, the voltage of each
branch is same.
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o Series-Parallel circuit

Series-parallel resistors circuit
This circuit has both kinds of connections. Some components are connected in series
and some components are connected in parallel. To deal with the series-parallel
circuit, each branch of the circuit is considered separately for understanding the
behavior of the circuit.
Consider the following circuit, in which the resistors are connected in series and
parallel combination.
o Ground of the Circuit
A ground is the reference point in a circuit. This point works as a return path for the
electrical current back to the source. Every circuit has at least one ground. However, a
circuit can have more than one ground. The voltage across each electronic component
is measured with respect to ground.
The schematic symbol of the ground is:

circuit ground symbol
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Interesting Facts
The processor of a computer is a very complex circuit, which contains billions of
transistors.
Digital circuit carries the signal, that represents only zeros or ones.
Analog circuits have a signal which varies in a continuous manner.
Relationship between voltage and resistance
Definition of Ohm’s law
Ohm’s Law is the mathematical relationship between electric current, resistance and
voltage.
Ohm’s law states that the current through a conductor, between two points is directly
proportional to the voltage across the two points.
The principle is named after the German scientist Georg Simon Ohm.
Ohm’s Law formula
The formula for Ohm’s Law is as follows:
V = IR
where
V is Voltage
I is Current
R is Resistance
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SUMMARY & EVALUATION
SUMMARY
I will summarize my topic with short words in short time
EVALUATION
I will ask some questions about my today topic.
 What is voltage ?
 What is resistance
?
 What is the relationship between voltage and resistance....
?
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SELF REFLECTION
Q.1: Which teaching strategy I have used in my classroom to teach their concept?
Answer: I used three strategies of reading pre and post reading to help my students and
brain storming topic and think creatively. I also observed how these strategies motivate
to ask questions seek answers apply these answers to their personal experience.
Q.2: How did it go?
Answer: All three strategies went well, because in this method of teaching the students
learned more about voltage and resistance and their relationship.
Q.3: What was their experience.
Answer: According to my experience all the activities designed to help students to
improve their learning skills. The students group activities went very well. Needed more
A.V aids to improve learning process.
Q.4: What was the response of students?
Answer: The response of my students was excellent because in activities the student
were active. the were more engaged in teaching learning process. They were also
happy to memorized voltage and resistance relationship.
Q.5: What problem did I face and how did it go?
Answer: I faced two problems.
1. In this method of teaching A.V Aids are very important but unfortunately it
was not available.
2. The Second problem was lack of time the topic were lengthy and road.
Allhamdullilah! I tackle it by using various charts and group activities.
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HOME WORK & DEPARTURE
HOME WORK
I will give home work related to my topic. "relationship between resistance and
voltage".
DEPARTURE
At the end of the class, I will handover my class to class monitor or another
Teacher.
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