D8.1
Deliverable 1.1: Detailed deployment
scenarios for wave and tidal energy
converters
Scientific and Technical coordination Guidelines
Hydraulics & Maritime Research Centre - University College Cork
This project has received funding from
the European Union’s Seventh
Programme for research, technological
development and demonstration
under grant agreement No 608597
Deliverable 1.1 – Detailed Scenarios
D1.1: Detailed Deployment Scenarios for wave and tidal energy
converters
Project: DTOcean - Optimal Design Tools for Ocean Energy Arrays
Code: DTO_WP1_ECD_D1.1
Name
Date
19/02/2014
Checked
Work Package 1 & Work
Package 9
Work Package 6
Approved
Project Coordinator
27/02/2014
Prepared
24/02/2014
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European
Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement No. 608597
(DTOcean).
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in
any form – electronic, mechanical, photocopy or otherwise without the express permission
of the copyright holders.
This report is distributed subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or
otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired-out or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior
consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a
similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
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Edit./Rev. Date
Chapters
Reason for change
A/0
New Document
27/01/2014 All
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Table of Contents
Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 6
1
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 7
2
Overall scope of the tools ............................................................................................................... 8
2.1
Scope for Wave ....................................................................................................................... 8
2.2
Scope for Tidal ........................................................................................................................ 8
2.3
Detailed Cross Cutting Scope Parameters for Wave and Tidal Design Tools.......................... 9
2.4
Specific Technology Type Input Details ................................................................................ 10
2.4.1
Wave ............................................................................................................................. 10
2.4.2
Tidal ............................................................................................................................... 12
2.5
3
4
Validation Scenarios...................................................................................................................... 14
3.1
Validation Scenario 1 – North-west Lewis ............................................................................ 14
3.2
Validation Scenario 2 – Fair Head Tidal ................................................................................ 16
3.3
Validation Scenario 3 - Aegir Shetland Wave Farm .............................................................. 18
3.4
Validation Scenario 4 – WestWave ....................................................................................... 20
3.5
Validation Scenario 5 –Sound of Islay ................................................................................... 22
Overall Validation Scenarios ......................................................................................................... 24
4.1
5
Site Data Requirements ........................................................................................................ 13
Validation Scenario summary ............................................................................................... 24
References .................................................................................................................................... 25
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Figures Index
Figure 1: Seabed fixed oscillating wave surge converter. Source: Aquaret.......................................... 10
Figure 2a: Point absorber. Source: Aquaret.......................................................................................... 11
Figure 3: Attenuator. Source: Aquaret. ................................................................................................ 12
Figure 4: Fixed horizontal axis tidal turbine. Source: Aquaret.............................................................. 12
Figure 5: Floating tidal turbine. Source: HydraTidal. ............................................................................ 13
Figure 6: Lewis wave scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service. ....................... 14
Figure 7: Fair Head Tidal scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service. ................. 16
Figure 8: Aegir Shetland Array scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service. ........ 18
Figure 9: WestWave scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service......................... 20
Figure 10: Sound of Islay scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service. ................. 22
Tables Index
Table 1: Specific Scope Parameters. ....................................................................................................... 9
Table 2: Scenario 1 project summary table. ......................................................................................... 15
Table 3: Scenario 2 project summary table. ......................................................................................... 17
Table 4: Scenario 3 project summary table. ......................................................................................... 19
Table 5: Scenario 4 project summary table. ......................................................................................... 21
Table 6: Scenario 5 project summary table. ......................................................................................... 23
Table 7: Validation scenarios combined summary. .............................................................................. 24
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Abstract
This report provides an overview of the setting of the overall scope for the functionality of the
DTOcean design tools as well as outlining the 5 validation scenario’s which will be further used for
the testing of the design tools developed during the DTOcean project. This report presents the
overall scope and each of the validation projects, along with their specific location and detailed
parameters which will be used for validation.
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1 Introduction
The main goal of this report is to define the overall functionality and scope of the DTOcean tools
and identify and describe the array development scenario’s that will be used for validation of the
tools. This has two main functions:
•
•
To provide the generic scope for the application and functionality of the design tools; and
To identify relevant deployment validation scenarios.
Additionally this report will
•
•
•
Provide technology specific input requirements.
Characterise physical and environmental parameters at deployment locations.
Produce a database of parameter values at selected sites for tool validation.
To achieve these objectives, Deliverable 1.1 defines 5 different sites for wave and tidal energy array
locations, which have been developed in conjunction with project developers and utilities already
involved in the development of European ocean energy array projects. 3 of the locations chosen are
considered for development of wave arrays, whilst the remaining 2 are targeted towards tidal array
development. Scenarios 1, 2 and 3 are specific, 4 and 5 are generic. In addition to the variety of the
validation scenarios, a number of technology types and array sizes have been identified. The
validation scenarios presented within this document are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
North-west Lewis
Fair Head Tidal
Aegir-Shetland Wave Farm
WestWave
Scottish Power Sound of Islay
The validation scenarios presented within this report will be used for testing of the design tools
developed within the DTOcean project. It is expected that using a variety of sites and technologies
will provide a comprehensive data suite that will allow for a robust validation of the tools. In
addition to the variety of sites and technology types, the scenarios consider wave and tidal energy
deployment at varying scales relevant to demonstration, pre-commercial deployment and fullcommercial deployment.
.
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2 Overall scope of the tools
This section of the report will deal with setting the underpinning scope of the functionality of the
tool. Initially, the scope has been split into 3 categories:
•
•
•
Wave/Tidal
Deployment Location
Technology type
The details of the scope can then be fully generated from a summation of generic and cross cutting
information. This information, in addition to detailed specific datasets will provide the information
required for the full validation scenarios.
2.1 Scope for Wave
In conjunction with the project development partners and the DTOcean Strategic Advisory Board
the following scope decisions were made for the deployment location options and technology types
for the wave energy functionality of the tools.
Deployment location options to be considered
1. Open sea nearshore
2. Open sea offshore
Technology types to be considered
1. Fixed device
2. Floating point absorber
3. Floating attenuator
2.2 Scope for Tidal
In conjunction with the project development partners and the DTOcean Strategic Advisory Board the
following scope decisions were made for the deployment location options and technology types for
overall tidal energy functionality of the tools
Deployment location options to be considered
1. Constrained channel, 2-20km wide
2. Headland flow open-ocean
Technology types to be considered
1. Horizontal axis fixed-ducted or un-ducted
2. Floating
3. Vertical axis fixed
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2.3 Detailed Cross Cutting Scope Parameters for Wave and Tidal Design Tools
A project Workshop Meeting, which took place on 27th November 2013, enabled discussion between
DTOcean project development partners about the detailed scope of the tool functionality. The
parameters presented in Table 1 exhibit the details on the agreed specific lower and upper bounds
of the tool. Later in this report, specific parameters for each validation site are also displayed. .
Table 1: Specific Scope Parameters.
Specific Scope Parameters
Array Size (MW)
≤10-100
Water depth Tidal(m)
15-80
Water depth Wave(m)
12-200
Seabed
Rock
Rock with
Sediment
Single device rating (MW)
Cable distance to shore (km)
Load out (km)distance
Onshore distance (km)
O&M distance (km)
Sand and
Muddy
Sand
100kW-3MW
0-50
0-2000
0-50
0-100
Additionally, specific technology information will be required for technology types that will be input
into the generic location information and this is detailed in the following section of the report.
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2.4 Specific Technology Type Input Details
The following section outlines the specific details needed for each technology types and will be
necessary inputs for use of the tool by end-users.
2.4.1 Wave
Seabed FIXED
• Mass (for load-out)
• Dimensions
o Operation
o Transportation
• Power capture characteristic
curve/matrix
• Fixing options
o Ballast
o Drilled pins
o Monopiles
• Installation strategy and phase
definition
• O&M strategy
• Electrical generator type
o Converters within
generator
o On-board transformer
requirements
Figure 1: Seabed fixed oscillating wave surge converter. Source:
Aquaret.
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Wave- Point absorber
• Seabed or surface reaction
• Mass (for load-out and anchoring)
• Dimensions
o Operation
o Transportation
• Any Assembly required afloat
• Power capture characteristic
curve/matrix
• Mooring System
• Anchor/fixing system
• Installation strategy and phase
definition
• O&M strategy
• Footprint
• Minimum device spacing
• Electrical generator type
o Converters within
generator
o On-board transformer
requirements
Figure 2a: Point absorber. Source: Aquaret.
Figure 2b: Floating point absorber. Source: OPT.
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Wave attenuator
• Mass (for load-out and anchoring)
• Dimensions
o Operation
o Transportation
• Power capture characteristic
curve/matrix
• Mooring System
• Anchor/fixing system
• Installation strategy and phase
definition
• O&M strategy
• Footprint
• Electrical generator type
o Converters within
generator
o On-board transformer
requirements
2.4.2 Tidal
Tidal Sea based (horizontal/vertical axis)
• Mass (for load-out)
• Dimensions
o Operation
o Transportation
• Depth as % of diameter
• Minimum tip clearance
• Operating window & power
curve/matrix
• Fixation options
o Ballast
o Drilled pins
o Monopiles
• Foundation loads
• Installation strategy and phase
definition
• O&M strategy
• Footprint including min seabed
footprint gradient
• Minimum lateral and longitudinal
spacing
• Electrical generator type
o Converters within generator
o On-board transformer
requirements
Figure 3: Attenuator. Source: Aquaret.
Figure 4: Fixed horizontal axis tidal turbine. Source: Aquaret.
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Tidal floating
• Mass (for load-out and moorings)
• Dimensions
o Operation
o Transportation
• Depth as % of diameter (may be
different than fixed)
• Operating window & power
curve/matrix
• Fixation/mooring
• Installation strategy and phase
definition
• Footprint
• O&M strategy
• Spacing
• Electrical generator type
o Converters within generator
o On-board transformer
requirements
Figure 5: Floating tidal turbine. Source: HydraTidal.
2.5 Site Data Requirements
In addition to technology and location information, the following characterisation data will be taken
into consideration when developing the functionality of the tools. These data sets will be further
developed throughout WP1, specifically in D1.2:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Metocean – wind wave tidal, near-shore and offshore
Geophysics / Geotechnics
Bathymetry
Competing uses –shipping, fishing
Environmental constraints (SACs, etc.)
Electrical Landfall Characteristics
Port and service base Information
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3 Validation Scenarios
The 5 validation scenarios presented in this section will be utilised as a way to evaluate, validate and
test different functionality within the tools. Each specific project site, which cover a comprehensive
range of the parameters identified in Table 1, are described throughout this section.
3.1 Validation Scenario 1 – North-west Lewis
Aquamarine Power, with industry partners Scottish and Southern Energy and ABB Technology
Ventures, are intending to develop a near-shore 40MW site on the north-western side of the island
of Lewis, in the western Hebrides, Scotland. It is intended that Aquamarine Power will deploy an
array of Aquamarine Oyster devices.
Figure 6: Lewis wave scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service.
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Table 2: Scenario 1 project summary table.
Validation Scenario 1 – Summary Table
Project information
Name
North-west Lewis
Location
Technology
Aquamarine Oyster
Industry Partners
West Lewis,
Scotland
Aquamarine
Power
Scottish and
Southern Energy
ABB Technology
Ventures
Technology and site information * The blue shading indicates the
parameter that applies to the specific scenario.
Wave
Nearshore
Offshore
Constrained
Fixed
Floating
Floating
Fixed
Point
Attenuator
Absorber
Array Size (MW)
Water depth Tidal(m)
Water depth Wave(m)
Seabed
Single device rating (MW)
Cable distance (km)
Load out (km)distance
Onshore distance (km)
O&M distance (km)
Tidal
Headland
Floating
Cross Cutting Information
5-10
10-60
<30
30 - 80
12-20
20-80
Rock
Rock with
sediment
≤1
≤2
0-10
10-20
≤200
≤2000
0-10
10-50
<20
<100
>60
80-200
Sand and
muddy sand
≤3
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3.2 Validation Scenario 2 – Fair Head Tidal
DP Energy wih project partners DEME Blue Energy, and associated technology suppliers, intend to
build out a 100MW tidal energy project on the north east coast of Northern Ireland at Fair Head near
Ballycastle. The preferred technology used for this location will be seabed mounted horizontal axis
turbine however, floating tidal devices are also under consideration. The technology has not yet
been confirmed, however, the devices currently under consideration are from Marine Current
Turbine, Alstom TGL and Scotrenewables Tidal Power Ltd.
Figure 7: Fair Head Tidal scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service.
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Deliverable 1.1 – Detailed Scenarios
Table 3: Scenario 2 project summary table.
Validation Scenario 2 – Summary Table
Name
Fair Head Tidal
Location
Technology
Marine Current
Turbines, Alstom TGL
or
Scotrenewables Tidal
Power Ltd
Industry Partners
Fair Head,
Northern Ireland
DP Energy
DEME Blue Energy
Technology and site information * The blue shading indicates the
parameter which applies to the specific scenario.
Wave
Tidal
Nearshore
Offshore
Constrained
Headland
Fixed
Floating
Floating
Fixed
Floating
Point
Attenuator
Absorber
Array Size (MW)
Water depth Tidal(m)
Water depth Wave(m)
Seabed
Single device rating (MW)
Cable distance (km)
Load out (km)distance
Onshore distance (km)
O&M distance (km)
Cross Cutting Information
5-10
10-60
<30
30 - 80
10-20
20-80
rock
Rock and
Sediments
≤1
≤2
0-10
10-20
≤200
≤2000
0-10
10-50
<20
<100
>60
80-200
Sand and
muddy sand
3
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3.3 Validation Scenario 3 - Aegir Shetland Wave Farm
Pelamis Wave Power and Vattenfall have created a joint venture called Aegir Wave Power, the
purpose of which is to develop commercial wave farms. A 10MW array, of Pelamis P2 floating
attenuator devices, is currently in the planning stage. This development will be located offshore on
the west coast of Shetland.
Figure 8: Aegir Shetland Array scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service.
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Deliverable 1.1 – Detailed Scenarios
Table 4: Scenario 3 project summary table.
Validation Scenario 3 – Summary Table
Name
Technology
Aegir Shetland
Pelamis P2
Location
Industry Partners
West Shetland
Aegir Wave Power
Pelamis Wave
Power
Vattenfall
Technology and site information * The blue shading indicates the
parameter which applies to the specific scenario.
Wave
Nearshore
Offshore
Constrained
Fixed
Floating PA Floating
Fixed
Attenuator
Array Size (MW)
Water depth Tidal(m)
Water depth Wave(m)
Seabed
Single device rating (MW)
Cable distance (km)
Load out (km)distance
Onshore distance (km)
O&M distance (km)
Tidal
Headland
Floating
Cross Cutting Information
5-10
10-60
<30
30 - 80
10-20
20-80
rock
Rock and
Sediments
≤1
≤2
0-10
10-20
≤200
≤2000
0-10
10-50
<20
<100
>60
80-200
Sand and
muddy sand
3
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Deliverable 1.1 – Detailed Scenarios
3.4
Validation Scenario 4 – WestWave
ESB International (ESBI) in Ireland are developing a small wave energy array under European
Investment Bank supported NER300. ESBI is working with a consortia of developers, electricity
providers and Government bodies to develop a 5MW array of wave energy converters. Whilst the
full details of this development are still undergoing consideration, a favoured site of the array is off
the coast of west County Clare, Ireland.
Figure 9: WestWave scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service.
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Deliverable 1.1 – Detailed Scenarios
Table 5: Scenario 4 project summary table.
Validation Scenario 4 – Summary Table
Name
Technology
ESBI WestWave
Various
Location
Industry Partners
West Clare
ESB International
Large consortia of
technology
developers,
electricity
providers and
Government
bodies
Technology and site information * The blue shading indicates the
parameter which applies to the specific scenario.
Wave
Tidal
Nearshore
Offshore
Constrained
Headland
Fixed
Floating PA Floating
Fixed
Floating
Attenuator
Array Size (MW)
Water depth Tidal(m)
Water depth Wave(m)
Seabed
Single device rating (MW)
Cable distance (km)
Load out (km)distance
Onshore distance (km)
O&M distance (km)
Cross Cutting Information
5-10
10-60
<30
30 - 80
10-20
20-80
rock
Rock and
Sediments
≤1
≤2
0-10
10-20
≤200
≤2000
0-10
10-50
<20
<100
>60
80-200
Sand and
muddy sand
3
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3.5
Validation Scenario 5 –Sound of Islay
ScottishPower Renewables have applied to develop a 10MW tidal turbine demonstration array in
the Sounds of Islay, between the islands of Islay and Jura on the west coast of Scotland. The
technology has not yet been confirmed, however, the devices currently under consideration are the
HS1000 developed by Andritz Hydro Hammerfest and Alstom’s 1MW tidal turbine.
Figure 10: Sound of Islay scenario location map. Source: EDINA Marine Digimap Service.
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Deliverable 1.1 – Detailed Scenarios
Table 6: Scenario 5 project summary table.
Validation Scenario 5 – Summary Table
Name
Technology
Sound of Islay
Alstom, Andritz Hydro
Hammerfest
Location
Industry Partners
Sound of Islay
ScottishPower
Renewables
Technology and site information * The blue shading indicates the
parameter which applies to the specific scenario.
Wave
Nearshore
Offshore
Constrained
Fixed
Floating PA Floating
Fixed
Attenuator
Array Size (MW)
Water depth Tidal(m)
Water depth Wave(m)
Seabed
Single device rating (MW)
Cable distance (km)
Load out (km)distance
Onshore distance (km)
O&M distance (km)
Tidal
Headland
Floating
Cross Cutting Information
5-10
10-60
<30
30 - 80
10-20
20-80
Rock
Rock and
Sediments
≤1
≤2
0-10
10-20
≤200
≤2000
0-10
10-50
<20
<100
>60
80-200
Sand and
muddy sand
3
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Deliverable 1.1 – Detailed Scenarios
4 Overall Validation Scenarios
The 5 validation scenarios presented above have been combined in Table 7. The table indicates that
the combination of sites exhibited address a wide range of the parameters. Although the scenarios
provide a robust dataset for validation purposes, these do not cover the full range of parameters
that will be available in the tool. Some exceptions of parameters that are not seen in the scenarios
presented above include:
•
•
Very deep water wave or tidal,
Very large single rated devices.
This summary of which area of the scope are covered provides an indicator of where industry is
focusing at the immediate and medium term, and hence provides valuable input to the overall scope
of the DTOcean design tools and the corresponding validation scenarios.
Table 7: Validation scenarios combined summary.
Wave
Nearshore
Fixed
Offshore
Floating PA Floating
Attenuator
Array Size (MW)
Water depth Tidal(m)
Water depth Wave(m)
Seabed
Single device rating (MW)
Cable distance (km)
Load out (km)distance
Onshore distance (km)
O&M distance (km)
Constrained
Fixed HA
Tidal
Headland
Floating
Cross Cutting Information
5-10
10-60
<30
30 - 80
12-20
20-80
rock
Rock with
sediment
≤1
≤2
0-10
10-20
≤200
≤2000
0-10
10-50
<20
<100
>60
80-200
Sand and
muddy sand
≤3
4.1 Validation Scenario summary
Overall, the 5 sites selected as validation scenarios display the wide range of the parameters
required for validation of the tool. The chosen sites will allow for validation of immediate, medium
and long-term development scenarios. In addition, the design tools will support parameters beyond
the details of the scenarios, as has been presented in Table 1. The data from the validation cases will
provide a wide range of options and opportunities for validation of the tools developed in
subsequent work packages within the DTOcean project. Data will be supplied by the industry
partners undergoing actual development of the projects at the validation scenario sites, and the
details and format will be further developed during the formulation of Deliverable 1.2(Report on
characterisation of data for input to other work packages and formation of database details).
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Deliverable 1.1 – Detailed Scenarios
5
References
1. Aquamarine Power, 2014. Projects: North-west Lewis. Available at:
http://www.aquamarinepower.com/projects/north-west-lewis/ [Accessed February 24,
2014].
2. Aquaret, 2012. Technology animations. Available at:
http://www.aquaret.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=203&Itemid=34
4&lang=en#Animations [Accessed February 24, 2014].
3. Cradden, Lucy, "Aegir Shetland Array Scenario Location Map" [PNG map], Scale , SeaZone
Charted Raster [TIFF geospatial data], Updated: , SeaZone Solutions Ltd, UK, Using: EDINA
Marine Digimap Service, <http://edina.ac.uk/digimap>, Created: February 2014
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Raster [TIFF geospatial data], Updated: , SeaZone Solutions Ltd, UK, Using: EDINA Marine
Digimap Service, <http://edina.ac.uk/digimap>, Created: February 2014
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Raster [TIFF geospatial data], Updated: , SeaZone Solutions Ltd, UK, Using: EDINA Marine
Digimap Service, <http://edina.ac.uk/digimap>, Created: February 2014
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Raster [TIFF geospatial data], Updated: , SeaZone Solutions Ltd, UK, Using: EDINA Marine
Digimap Service, <http://edina.ac.uk/digimap>, Created: February 2014
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February 24, 2014].
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http://www.faiteslepleindavenir.com/2011/11/04/lhydrolienne-100-bois/ [Accessed
February 26, 2014].
9. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2009. Ocean Power Technologies. Available at:
http://www.dfw.state.or.us/conservationstrategy/news/2009/2009_march.asp [Accessed
February 26, 2014].
10. Pelamis Wave Power, Aegir-Shetland Wave Farm. Available at:
http://www.pelamiswave.com/our-projects/project/3/Aegir-Shetland-Wave-Farm [Accessed
February 24, 2014].
11. ScottishPower Renewables, 2014. Sound of Islay. Available at:
http://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/pages/sound_of_islay.asp [Accessed February
14, 1BC].
12. WestWave, 2012. The WestWave Project. Available at: http://www.westwave.ie/ [Accessed
February 26, 2014].
Doc: DTO_WP1_ECD_D1.1
Rev: 1.0
Date: 26.02.2014
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