A Question of Food Hygiene Introduction – What’s the problem? Question 1 Name 3 groups of people who are likely to be very ill as a result of food poisoning? The very young The elderly People who are already ill Pregnant women Introduction – What’s the problem? Question 2 List 5 of the main faults resulting in food poisoning outbreaks Undercooking Cross-contamination from raw to high risk food Infected food handlers Hot food stored below 63°C Leftovers not reheated to correct temperature Introduction – What’s the problem? Question 3 What are the 3 main hazards involving food poisoning bacteria? Contamination of food by bacteria Storage of food at wrong temperature Poor cooking Introduction – What’s the problem? Question 4 State 3 benefits of GOOD food hygiene Satisfied customers Less food wastage Good working conditions Introduction – What’s the problem? Answer 5 J PROFITS B Bacteria and other Enemies Question 7 Which can cause serious illness? Pathogens Bacteria and other Enemies Question 8 It means splitting in two or doubling in size. What is this process called? B I N A R Y F I S I S O N Bacteria and other Enemies Question 9 How often can some food poisoning bacteria divide in the right conditions? Every 10 minutes Bacteria and other Enemies Question 10 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? ‘Bacteria are too small to see with the naked eye.’ True Bacteria and other Enemies Question 11 What are the conditions bacteria need for growth? 1 Warmth 2 Food 3 Moisture 4 Time Bacteria and other Enemies Question 12 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? ‘Bacteria are ONLY found on rats, mice and cockroaches’ False Bacteria and other Enemies Question 13 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? ‘Contaminated food always smells, looks and tastes bad’ False Bacteria and other Enemies Question 14 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? ‘Raw foods are always HIGH-RISK foods’ False Bacteria and other Enemies Question 15 Name 5 high-risk foods: Cooked meat and poultry Cooked meat products Milk, cream, eggs and products made from raw eggs e.g. mayonnaise, mousses, quiche Shellfish Cooked rice Bacteria and other Enemies Question 16a Name 3 different types of micro-organisms 1 Moulds 2 Viruses 3 Bacteria Bacteria and other Enemies Question 16b Which type of bacteria cause food to perish and become unfit? Pathogens Bacteria and other Enemies Question 17 Fill in the missing temperatures and shade in the DANGER ZONE on diagram in workbook Boiling temperature 100°C Cooking temperature 75°C Hot holding temperature 63°C Body temperature 37°C Chill temperature 1 to 4°C Freezer temperature -18°C Danger Zone 5 to 63°C Bacteria and other Enemies Question 18 What is a toxin? Poisons produced by food poisoning bacteria (pathogens) Bacteria and other Enemies Question 19 What is a spore? A resistant resting phase of bacteria protecting them against conditions such as high temperatures Bacteria and other Enemies Question 20 Given the right conditions how often can some food poisoning bacteria divide into two? 10 minutes Bacteria and other Enemies Question 21 How long does it take for some bacteria to increase from 1000 to 1,000,000? 1 hour 40 minutes Bacteria and other Enemies Question 22 Where should high-risk foods be stored? In the fridge Bacteria and other Enemies Question 23 What happens to most food poisoning bacteria at temperatures below 5°C? Most will not grow (go asleep) Bacteria and other Enemies Question 24 What happens to all bacteria in frozen food? All stop growing (go asleep) Bacteria and other Enemies Question 25 Is the following statement - true or false? ‘All bacteria produce spores’? False Bacteria and other Enemies Question 25 Is the following statement - true or false? ‘Bacteria can multiply inside the spore’ False Bacteria and other Enemies Question 25 Is the following statement - true or false? ‘Spores can survive high cooking temperatures’ True Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 26 Describe what is meant by the following term Food poisoning An acute illness, usually with symptoms of diarrhoea, vomiting, nausea and stomach pain caused by eating contaminated food Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 26 Describe what is meant by the following term onset period Period between infection and the first signs of illness Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 26 Describe what is meant by the following term Nausea Feeling sick Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 26 Describe what is meant by the following term Symptoms Changes in bodily functions experienced by a person suffering from a specific illness Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 27 List 3 causes of food poisoning 1 Bacteria or their toxins 2 Moulds 3 Chemicals / metals / poisonous plants / poisonous fish Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 28 1 2 3 4 State 4 different foods which are common sources of food poisoning organisms Raw meat / raw poultry Raw milk / raw eggs Shellfish Cooked rice Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 29 1 2 3 4 State 4 parts of the body where you are most likely to find bacteria Nose Mouth Skin Intestine Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 30 Raw meat, raw milk, raw eggs and raw poultry are a source of which food poisoning bacteria? Salmonella Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 31 Name 2 poisonous plants that could cause food poisoning 1Toadstools 2Undercooked kidney beans Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 32 Name 2 types of metal that could cause food poisoning 1Copper 2Zinc Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 33 Which bacteria is the commonest cause of diarrhoea? Campylobacter Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 34 1 2 3 4 What are the 4 main symptoms of food poisoning? Stomach pain Diarrhoea Vomiting Nausea / fever Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 35 Do viruses multiply in food? No Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 36 Some foodborne disease bacteria can multiply in a refrigerator true (Listeria) Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 37 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? ‘Foodborne disease organisms do not need to multiply in food to cause illness’ True Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Answer 38 See page 12 in food hygiene handbook Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 39 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? ‘Animals and flies are a source of food poisoning bacteria’ True Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 40 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? ‘Some food poisoning bacteria can affect the nervous system’ True Food Poisoning and Foodborne Disease Question 41 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? ‘Sewage contamination of food can result in foodborne disease’ True Food Poisoning Prevention Question 42 The food poisoning chain consists of 3 major hazards. Solve the crossword in workbook to reveal the answers. Food Poisoning Prevention Answer 42 S MULTIPLICATION R V CONTAMINATION V A L Food Poisoning Prevention Question 43 Food Poisoning can be prevented by: Protecting food from contamination by: 1 Buying food from approved suppliers 2 Training food handlers 3 Good hygiene 4 Separation of raw and high-risk foods 5 Effective cleaning and disinfection Food Poisoning Prevention Question 44 1 2 3 Food Poisoning can be prevented by: Depriving food poisoning bacteria of their ideal growth conditions by: Storing food out of the danger zone Preparing food – in danger zone short time Cooling food quickly Food Poisoning Prevention Question 45 Food Poisoning can be prevented by: Destroying food poisoning bacteria within food by: 1 Thorough cooking 2 Heat treatment such as canning, pasteurisation Food Poisoning Prevention Question 46 What is the usual temperature for the centre of food to ensure that it is fully cooked and safe to eat? Chicken displaying 75°C Contamination Hazards Question 47 Draw a circle around the 10 possible sources of food poisoning bacteria on cartoon Contamination Hazards Question 48 There are 4 types of contamination of food: What are they? Contamination Hazards Answer 48 M I PHYSICAL R O B CHEM ICAL O L O ALLERGENIC I C A L Contamination Hazards Question 49 Give 4 examples of chemical hazards and 4 methods of controlling chemical hazards HAZARDS CONTROLS Food deliveries Use approved suppliers Chemical deliveries Keep separate from food deliveries Chemical storage Keep in a locked area Cleaning chemicals Don’t spray near food Contamination Hazards Question 50 What is contamination? The presence or introduction of a hazard Contamination Hazards Question 51 State 6 foods which commonly contain allergens: 1 Peanuts 2 Milk 3 Shellfish 4 Eggs 5 Cereals (gluten) 6 Celery Contamination Hazards Question 52 What should the food handler have done with the food before he started cleaning? Covered it Contamination Hazards Question 53 Study the diagram below. What does it show? Fill in the missing letters to reveal the answer. ROUTES OF CONTAMINATION Contamination Hazards Question 54 What is the transfer of bacteria from contaminated (usually raw) foods to high-risk foods called? CROSS CONTAMINATION Contamination Hazards Question 55 Contamination can take place both directly and indirectly. An example of DIRECT contamination would be raw meat touching cooked meat. Give 2 examples on INDIRECT contamination. Handling cooked meat then raw meat without washing hands Same board used for preparing raw and cooked meats without washing in between Contamination Hazards Question 56 Fill in the missing letters to discover the most common physical contaminant found in food. H A I R Contamination Hazards Question 57 What is a hazard? Anything that may cause harm to the consumer Contamination Hazards Question 58 List 10 common physical contaminants frequently found in food. 1 3 5 7 9 Hair Jewellery Pills Staples Cigarette ends 2 4 6 8 10 Nuts and bolts Pen tops Plasters Stones Drawing pins HACCP Question 59 What are the principles of HACCP? HACCP Answer 59 Identify the HAZARD HACCP Answer 59 Identify the CRITICAL CONTROL POINT HACCP Answer 59 Establish CRITICAL LIMITS HACCP Answer 59 Monitor the CONTROL MEASURES HACCP Answer 59 Establish CORRECTIVE ACTIONS HACCP Answer 59 Establish procedures for VERIFICATION HACCP Answer 59 Establish DOCUMENTATION RECORD the system HACCP Question 60 What do the initials HACCP stand for? HAZARD ANALYSIS CRITICAL CONTROL POINT HACCP Question 61 When should a HACCP system be reviewed? If there are any changes Purchase and Storage of Food Question 62 1 2 3 4 5 Write down 5 checks to be made when food is delivered Freshness Temperature Colour Contamination Satisfactory packaging Purchase and Storage of Food Question 63 What should you do if frozen food is delivered as it is thawing? 1 2 Reject the food Notify the supervisor and the supplier Purchase and Storage of Food Question 64 1 2 3 Do you consider this person to be a ‘reputable supplier’? If not, why not? Raw meat and vegetables in together Man not wearing protective clothing Food not packaged / covered Purchase and Storage of Food Question 65 Why is it important to keep delivery records? If there is a food complaint or case of food poisoning, records can help trace the source Purchase and Storage of Food Question 66 Where should potatoes be stored? Potatoes should be stored in the dark to prevent sprouting or turning green Purchase and Storage of Food Question 67 STORAGE Dry food stores should be ….. 1 Dry and clean 2 Cool 3 Well lit 4 Well ventilated 5 Free of PESTS Purchase and Storage of Food Question 68 Where should vegetables be kept until used? On a vegetable rack in a suitable store Purchase and Storage of Food Question 69 1 2 3 4 State 4 reasons why canned food may be rejected? If cans are blown If cans are badly dented If cans are rusted If cans are seam damaged Purchase and Storage of Food Questions 70-73 REFRIGERATORS Check out the fridge and decide which is the correct shelf to store your food on Purchase and Storage of Food Fresh cream cakes Shelf A Raw chicken Shelf D Lettuce Shelf C Cooked meat Shelf B Purchase and Storage of Food Question 74 1 2 Why should you cool hot food before it is placed in the refrigerator? It would raise the temperature of the food being stored above 5°C It would cause condensation and then contamination Purchase and Storage of Food Question 75 Before placing food in a refrigerator it should be allowed to cool but for how long? 90 minutes Purchase and Storage of Food Question 76 1 2 3 Food in refrigerators should be covered to prevent ….. Drying out Cross-contamination Absorption of odour Purchase and Storage of Food Question 77 Why should raw food be kept separate from high-risk food? To prevent contamination of high-risk food with food-poisoning bacteria Purchase and Storage of Food Question 78 Opened and part-used cans of food, especially acid food such as fruit, fruit juice or tomatoes, must not be left in the can and stored in the refrigerator as this may result in chemical contamination. What should you do with the contents of the can? Put in a suitable container, such as a plastic bowl, cover and place in the refrigerator Purchase and Storage of Food Question 79 List 3 controls relating to chilled storage 1 Display temperature should be checked every time the fridge is used 2 Display temperature should be recorded at least twice a day 3 Raw food must be kept apart form high-risk food Purchase and Storage of Food Question 80 What are the three Cs for chilled food storage? Complete the crossword to reveal the answers C COOL V CLEAN R E D Purchase and Storage of Food Question 81 What training should staff receive on using the refrigerator? Instruction on correct use in relation to contamination and temperature control Purchase and Storage of Food Question 82 What is recommended as a good cleaning agent for refrigerators? Bicarbonate of soda Purchase and Storage of Food Question 83 What is the correct temperature for storing frozen food? -18°C Purchase and Storage of Food Question 84 Pork, sausages, offal, fish, butter and soft cheese may be kept in a freezer at -18°C for a number of months but how many? 6 months Purchase and Storage of Food Question 85 What is the recommended temperature for a refrigerator? 1°C - 4°C Purchase and Storage of Food Question 86 In a freezer, food should not be stored - - - - - the load line ABOVE Purchase and Storage of Food Question 87 1 2 3 If thawing a frozen chicken in a refrigerator, you must know …………….. The temperature of the REFRIGERATOR The weight of the CHICKEN The TIME taken by a chicken of this weight to thaw A Question of Food Safety Question 88 What is stock rotation? Older food being used first A Question of Food Safety Question 89 Why is it important? To avoid spoilage of food Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 90 Which types of food should be checked throughout the day? Short-life perishable foods stored in the fridge Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 91 Fill in the missing letters to complete this well-known rule associated with stock rotation: FIRST IN FIRST OUT Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 92 Look at ‘best-before’ dates and tick which can should be used first BB Feb. 2008 Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 93 What are the main hazards associated with food preparation? Cross contamination Multiplication of bacteria Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 94 List 4 controls that should be used in food preparation Core cooking temperature of 75°C for 2 minutes Core cooking temperature of 82°C for reheating food Unused reheated food should be discarded Training given on hazards and controls Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 95 Cooking temperatures should reach at least ______ °C in the centre 75°C Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 96 You can check the temperature by using a P__B_ TH_______E_ PROBE THERMOMETER Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 97 What are the hazards associated with the cooling of food? Multiplication of bacteria not killed during cooking Production of toxins Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 98 What should be used for tasting food? A _L___ ___0_ A CLEAN SPOON Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 99 How can food be cooled down quickly? In a blast chiller In a ventilated cool room Using iced water Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 100 List 4 controls used when serving food – – – – Use refrigerated buffets / display units Plates and utensils must be clean and dry Food should be pre-wrapped/covered Keep raw food/high-risk food separate Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 101 What is the minimum legal temperature for hot holding? • 63°C Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 102 List 4 signs of food spoilage: • • • • changes in texture e.g. dry or spongy slime/stickiness discolouration mould growth Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 103 List 4 things that accelerate (speed up) spoilage: • • • • Poor temperature control Inadequate packaging Rough handling Pest infestation Preparation, Cooking & Serving Question 104 Why are foods preserved? • to prevent or delay spoilage Personal Hygiene Question 105 Look at the food handlers in your workbook and circle 14 different hygiene faults Class discussion Personal Hygiene Question 106 Why must head covering be worn by food handlers? To prevent hair and dandruff from contaminating food Personal Hygiene Question 107 State 2 occasions when protective clothing should be removed When travelling to and from work During lunchtime sporting activities e.g. football Personal Hygiene Question 108 What is the main reason for food handlers to wash their hands? Hands are the main way of transferring food poisoning bacteria because they are in direct contact with food Question 109 Suggest 3 other things that a food handler may do that could result in food contamination from the mouth. Cough over food Taste food with an unwashed spoon Blow into glasses to polish them Personal Hygiene Question 110 State 4 physical contaminants of food which may result from food handlers Hair Jewellery Nail varnish False fingernails Personal Hygiene Question 111 As the mouth may contain food poisoning bacteria, state 3 things food handlers should not do: Don’t pick or scratch nose Don’t cough or sneeze over food Don’t work with food if you have a bad cold or infection Personal Hygiene Question 112 Fingernails should be: Short Clean Personal Hygiene Question 113 Wash-hand basins must be provided with: Warm water Liquid soap Nailbrush Personal Hygiene Question 114 Describe 5 occasions when you must always wash your hands: After visiting the toilet Before handling food In between handling raw food and ready-to-eat food After combing hair or touching face etc After handling waste food Personal Hygiene Question 115 Why should cuts be covered? To prevent contamination of food by harmful bacteria and blood Personal Hygiene Question 116 What are 3 important points about dressings used to cover cuts? Use a waterproof dressing Use a coloured dressing – usually blue Make sure cut is completely covered Personal Hygiene Question 117 Brightly coloured (usually blue) dressings are recommended for use in food premises. Why? Easy to see if they fall into food Personal Hygiene Question 118 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? “You must wash your hands after visiting the toilet” TRUE Personal Hygiene Question 119 Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? “I don’t need to wash my hands after scratching my nose” FALSE Personal Hygiene Question 120 Look at the picture in your workbook and draw a circle around 3 potential contamination hazards Answer 120 Class discussion Personal Hygiene Question 121 Why should jewellery not be worn whilst handling food? Harbour dirt and bacteria Stones and small pieces of metal could end up in food Personal Hygiene Question 122 A food handler MUST NOT handle food when suffering from: Diarrhoea Food-borne infection Personal Hygiene Question 123 Where should outdoor clothing be kept? In a separate area from food room unless stored in suitable lockers Personal Hygiene Question 124 List 6 ailments which should be reported to a supervisor Diarrhoea Vomiting Heavy colds Skin infections Ear or eye discharge Infected cuts Personal Hygiene Question 125 List 4 properties of protective clothing Clean and washable Light coloured Press-studs or velcro fastening Should cover ordinary clothing Personal hygiene Question 126 Why is protective clothing worn? To protect food from contamination Personal Hygiene Question 127 Food handlers must be trained ……….. COMMENSURATE WITH THEIR WORK ACTIVITY Premises and Equipment Question 128 Premises should be well L I T and VENTILATED Premises and Equipment Question 129 Workflow should be continuous from R A W material to F I N I S H E D product Premises and Equipment Question 130 Separate areas should be provided for R A W and H I G H - R I S K foods Premises and Equipment Question 131 What should be provided at wall/floor joints? COVING Premises and Equipment Question 132 Walls should be SMOOTH and IMPERVIOUS Premises and Equipment Question 133 Floors should be even, easy to C L E A N and ANTI–SLIP Premises and Equipment Question 134 If windows are open they may need to be fitted with cleanable FLY SCREENS to stop pests entering food areas Premises and Equipment Question 135 Food contact surfaces should be: Smooth Durable Impervious Non-toxic Premises and Equipment Question 136 State 3 reasons why this equipment is not suitable for use: Cracked spoon Badly designed fish slice Damaged knife Premises and Equipment Question 137 Waste bins inside, 3 hygiene rules to remember: Use bins with foot operated lids Empty regularly Thoroughly clean Premises and Equipment Question 138 Refuse areas outside, 3 hygiene rules to remember: Keep area clean and tidy Dustbins should have tight-fitting lids Dustbins should be impervious and durable Food Pests and Control Question 139 What are Food Pests? A food pest is an animal which lives in or on our food Food Pests and Control Question 140 Rearrange the jumbled letters to discover common food pests found in the food industry Rat Mouse Fly Wasp Pigeon Cockroach Food Pests and Control Question 141 State 4 signs of pest infestation Droppings from mice Damaged packaging Eggs from animals Fur or Hair Food Pests and Control Question 142 Why is it important to control pests? To prevent spread of disease To prevent contamination and waste of food To prevent loss of custom and profit To prevent loss of staff who do not want to work in infested premises Food Pests and Control Question 143 What should be done to reduce the risk of pest infestation? Premises and refuse areas are kept clean Food is always covered You “clean as you go” Food is not left outside Food is stored in pest proof containers Food Pests and Control Question 144 Look at the kitchen. Can you spot where the pests are getting into the premises? Answer 144 Class discussion Cleaning and Disinfection Question 145 Effective CLEANING and DISIFECTION reduces the risk of : Food Poisoning Cleaning and Disinfection Question 146 What 3 types of energy are used in cleaning? CHEMICAL E PHYSICAL T Cleaning and Disinfection Question 147 What is cleaning? Cleaning involves the application of energy to a surface, to remove dirt and grease Cleaning and Disinfection Question 148 Fill in the missing letters to complete this important cleaning rule CLEAN AS YOU GO Cleaning and Disinfection Question 149 State 4 reasons for cleaning To remove matter on which bacteria would grow To allow disinfection of equipment and surfaces To remove dirt and grease To comply with the law Cleaning and Disinfection Question 150 State 4 items of equipment that need cleaning and disinfecting throughout the day Brushes Cloths Buckets Sinks Cleaning and Disinfection Question 151 Where should cleaning chemicals be stored? Stored separately from food, preferably in lockable cupboards or stores Cleaning and Disinfection Question 152 What is the first thing you should always do with a new or unfamiliar cleaning chemical? READ THE LABEL Cleaning and Disinfection Question 153 Which of the following statements is correct? Cleaning must be planned Cleaning and Disinfection Question 154 What should be included within a cleaning schedule what is to be cleaned the amount and type of chemical and equipment to be used who is to clean it when is it to be cleaned how is it to be cleaned who is responsible for checking it has been carried out correctly Cleaning and Disinfection Question 155 What is the usual temperature of hot water used to disinfect? 82°C Cleaning and Disinfection Question 156 What should you do before cleaning electrical equipment? Switch off at mains Cleaning and Disinfection Question 157 Match the names of the cleaning agents to the description of what they do? Sanitizer – reduces bacteria to a safe level, removes dirt and grease Disinfectant - reduces bacteria to a safe level Detergent - removes grease and dirt Cleaning and Disinfection Question 158 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What are the 6 stages of the cleaning procedure? Pre-clean Main clean Rinse Disinfection Final rinse Drying Cleaning and Disinfection Question 159 What do chemical disinfectants need to make them work? APPROPRIATE CONTACT TIME A Question of Food Hygiene Question 160 What is the maximum fine for a serious hygiene offence? UNLIMITED Food Hygiene Legislation Question 161 What can happen to a person found guilty of an offence? Fine of up to £5000 Up to two years imprisonment Food Hygiene Legislation Question 162 Complete the following defence DUE DILIGENCE Food Hygiene Legislation Question 163 Describe 4 different powers of authorized officers under food safety law Enter food premises at any reasonable time Provide guidance, advice & training Investigate food poisoning complaints Send informal letters Food Hygiene Legislation Question 164 When can a food premises be closed immediately? Imminent risk to public health What notice would be used? Hygiene Emergency Prohibition Notice Food Hygiene Legislation Question 165 Which of the following statements is correct? Environmental health practitioners/officers can inspect food premises at any reasonable time Food Hygiene Legislation Question 166 What temperature must reheated food be raised to? 82°C Food Hygiene Legislation Question 167 What do the initials FSA stand for? Food Standards Agency Food Safety Management Question 168 State 3 types of record that should be maintained as part of a food safety management system Cleaning schedule A supplier’s list Staff training records A diary Food Safety Management Question 169 What is the main reason for implementing HACCP? To reduce the risk of food poisoning Food Safety Management Question 170 Circle 10 potential food safety faults Teacher will discuss answers with you Food Safety Management Question 171 What type of defence may depend on the completion of accurate records? Due diligence (this involves taking reasonable care to ensure food safety) Food Safety Management Question 172 What is the legal requirement of food business operators with regard to HACCP? To implement a food safety management system Food Safety Management Question 173 What is Safer food, better business? A toolkit to help businesses set up and implement HACCP