SC-660
Fall, 2015
Mon., 6:30 – 9:30 pm
Instructor: Dr. Wayne G. Rollins
75 Craigmoor Road
West Hartford,
CT 06017
wgdlr@comcast.net
860-523-8784
Psychological Insight into Scripture: New Directions in Biblical Studies
An introduction to psychological biblical criticism, exploring the contributions of
analytical psychologists C. G. Jung, Sigmund Freud, and Viktor Frankl, along with
insights from cognitive, developmental and behavioral psychology, toward an
understanding of the human psyche (soul) and its role in the history of the Bible and
biblical interpretation. It will examine biblical stories (from Adam and Eve to the
Wedding at Cana), biblical religious experience (dreams, visions, conversion,
speaking in tongues) and biblical portraits (Ezekiel, Paul, Moses, and Jesus). It will
also study the transaction between biblical texts and readers, noting therapeutic and
pathogenic effects. Activities include sessions with Walter Wink’s “transforming
Bible study.”
“Everything to do with religion, everything it is and asserts, touches the human soul so closely
that psychology least of all can afford to overlook it.”
- C. G. Jung
“The fate of the world is determined by what happens in the human soul.”
- Hans Carossa
“We do not yet grasp what historical forces brought forth and determined early Christianity. But
beside and within this external history there is an inner history . . . . Anyone who thinks that this
religion can be illumined historically and factually without psychological reflection is just as
much in error as one who pretends that everything about this religion can be said in this fashion.”
-Gerd Theissen
“. . . Words not only convey something, but are something . . . [they] have color, depth, texture
of their own, and the power to evoke vastly more than they mean; . . . words can be used not
merely to make things clear, . . . but to make things happen inside the one who reads them or
hears them.”
-Frederick Buechner
Books for Purchase
 Jung, Carl Gustav. Man and His Symbols. New York: Doubleday, 1964.
 Miller, John W. Jesus at Thirty: A Psychological and Historical Portrait.
Minneapolis: Augsburg/Fortress, 1997. (=Miller)
 Rollins, Wayne G. and D. Andrew Kille, Eds. (2007). Psychological Insight into
the Bible: Texts and Readings. Grand Rapids, MI, Eerdmans (= PIITB)
 Wink, Walter. Transforming Bible Study: A Leader's Guide. 2nd, revised ed.
Nashville: Abingdon, 1989. (= Wink)
Objectives
1. To understand Scripture as a soul book, produced by the soul (psyche),
addressed to the soul (psyche), for the care and cure of the soul (psyche). The word psyche
occurs over a hundred times in the New Testament, referring to the living “self.” This
means that the Bible is to be seen not only as the product of historical, social, literary, and
revelatory processes. It is quintessentially the product of a psychic process in which
conscious and unconscious factors are at work in the biblical authors and their
communities, in the texts they have produced, in readers and interpreters of these texts and
their communities, and in the historical “effects” Scripture has had on the lives, minds, and
“souls” of individuals and cultures over the centuries, for both good and ill.
2. To come to an informed historical and semantic understanding of the words
“soul” and “psyche” in Aristotelian, Greco-Roman, biblical, and contemporary use\age.
3. To examine the story of the emergence of the new discipline of psychological
biblical criticism, beginning in the late 1960s in the context of the new developments in
biblical scholarship in the last three decades (e.g., feminist, liberationist, ideological, and
cultural criticism), with a survey of the new literature in the field.
4. To explore the foundational contributions of Carl Jung, Sigmund Freud, and
Viktor Frankl to a fuller understanding of the self, and also to a psychological critical
approach to the Bible, with special emphasis on its rich repertory of myths, legends,
history, laws, psalms, proverbs, prophetic vision, gospels, parables, letters, and
apocalypses.
5.To consider the contributions of cognitive, developmental, and behavioral
psychology and object relations theory to biblical understanding.
6. To explore the exegetical agenda of a psycho-spiritual approach to the Bible,
with attention to select themes: biblical symbols and archetypes; psychodynamic factors at
work in biblical narrative; the psychology of biblical personality portraits (e.g. Jesus of
Nazareth, King Saul, Ezekiel, Paul, and Judas Iscariot); the psychology of biblical religious
experience (e.g. glossolalia, dreams, conversion); the psychology of biblical ethics; and
biblical psychology.
7. To explore the hermeneutical agenda of a psycho-spiritual approach to the Bible,
with attention to select themes: the effects of texts on readers; the effect of readers on texts;
the “performance” of texts through drama, music, liturgy, soup kitchens, and creeds; and
the history of biblical effects, both pathogenic and therapeutic.
8. To experiment with Walter Wink’s Transforming Bible Study approach as a
workshop demonstration of the psychodynamics at work between text and reader.
Requirements.
1.Attendance. and classroom exchange is as important as the reading. ( 1/6 of
grade) (BYOB, each session)
2. Book Review*: Credit participants are to make one 15 minutes book review
presentation (with a written copy of the review submitted to the instructor as a basis for
grading, one week after the oral report). See the attached Book Review Selection sheet and
bring a list of your top three choices for the “lottery” selection on the opening class session.
The review is to include the following: (a) a substantive précis or overview of the book in
relation to this course, (b) a brief discussion of five to ten ideas you have found worth
thinking about, explaining why, and (c) an evaluation of the book in terms of its
contribution to the work of this course (d) the presentation of one important issue for class
discussion. The reviewer is encouraged to prepare some “visuals” (hand-outs, chalk-board
outlines, overhead projector transparencies, etc.) or a class participation exercise to
enhance communication. (2/6 of the grade).
3. Final Project*: A 15 page paper due on a date in late December or early January,
to be determined in class. Grades due Jan. 6, 2016. A 3x5 topic proposal, including
proposed title and descriptive paragraph of proposed objectives, due on Nov. 26. (3/6 of
grade)
* Required of credit and CEU participants only. All academic papers are to conform to
conventional technical, grammatical, and stylistic standards referred to in the General
Guidelines for a Research Paper. The Hartford Seminary Grading Guidelines will be the
standard of evaluation for the course.
Class Meeting Schedule and Assignments
Sept. 14 Prospectus: Where Psychology and Biblical Studies Meet
Read “Approaching the Unconscious,” the first essay in Man and His Symbols (New
York: Doubleday, 1964), or one of many other editions). Please come prepared with five ideas,
issues, or problems for class discussion. Also, read Rollins and Kille, Psychological Insights
Into the Bible: Texts and Readings (pp. v, xii-xiv, xv-xix) on the goals of psychological biblical
criticism as insight into Scripture and the readers of Scripture.
Sept. 21 Carl. Gustav Jung: Exploring Symbols and Archetypes and Walter Wink’s
“Transforming Bible Study”
PowerPoint presentation on the place where psychology, scripture, and religion meet in
the life and thought of C. G. Jung.
Read PIITB, chapter 6, Biblical Symbols and Archetypal Images, 99-113. Each chapter
of PIITB contains an introduction and three to five “readings.” For each, come prepared to
comment on one or all of the following (a) “A Summary In A Sentence” (what the author’s
trying to get across); (b) a “Find” (something that struck you and is worth commenting on); c) a
“Question.” The units to be read next session are the (1) introduction and (2) the articles by
Patrick Henry on Water symbolism; (3) Rollins on Biblical archetypes; (4) Elizabeth-Ann
Stewart on “Jesus the Holy Fool”
Read Wink, Transforming Bible Study, the preface and first two chapters ( pp. 11-42). Jot
your response to questions on the assignment sheet (to be distributed in class): “Walter Wink’s
‘Transforming Bible Study’ and This Course.”
Wink class exercise on Luke 12:22-31 on “Anxiety”
Sept. 28 Freud, the Man, the Mission, and Scripture
Read PIITB, chapter 2, “The Care and Cure of the Soul,” 22-39. An introduction and
readings by Rollins, Cousineau, and Anderson on “soul/psyche/self” language.
Read PIITB, and chapter 3, “Freud and Jung,” 40-55. An introduction plus articles by
Rollins, Rashkow (3 ), and Newheart on what’s to be gained from reading the Bible through a
Freudian or Jungian lens.
Read the class handout excerpt of Freud’s Future of an Illusion, jotting your responses
on the accompanying question sheet.
Oct. 5 The Contribution of Viktor Frankl’s Existential Psychotherapy and Logotherapy: Its
Relevance for Biblical Understanding
Read PIITB, chapter 4, “Behavioral, Learning, Object Relations and Developmental
Approaches,” 56-78, and What do we learn about the light that different schools within the field
of “psychological studies” bring to our understanding of the Bible ? Bring examples from the
readings. (assignment continued on next page).
Read the handout on excerpts from Viktor Frankl’s Man’s Search for Meaning, jotting
responses to the sheet of questions/reflections.
Wink class exercise on Mark 2:13-17: Eating with Sinners
Oct. 12 Psychological Biblical Studies From The First To The 21st Centuries: An Historical
Overview With A Footnote On Eugen Drewermann’s Signal Contribution
Read Rollins and Kille, Psychological Insights Into the Bible: Texts and Readings, Chapter One:
“Past, Present, and Future” ( pp. 3-4, and Readings 1.2 and 1.3 by Fletcher and Rollins on pp.
11-21). Special handout : Review of Matthias Beier, A Violent God-Image: An Introduction to
the Work of Eugen Drewermann by W.G.Rollins. Also, take a stroll through the “Glossary” of
theological and psychological terms (pp. 265-273). Check terms on which you want more light.
Oct. 19. Psychology and Exegesis : Biblical Genres and Biblical Texts in Psychodynamic
Perspective
Read PIITB, Chapter 9. “Dynamics of Biblical Texts: Hebrew Scriptures,” .Intro. 158-160;
9.1, “ The Story of Ádam and Eve,” 160-165;
9.2, Story of Jonah, 166-170;
9.3, Ten commandments, 171-74;
Wink class exercise on Matt. 25:14-30, Parable of the Talents.
Oct. 26 Chapter 10, “Dynamics of Biblical Texts: New Testament,”
Read Intro. 175-77;
10.1, Wedding at Cana, 177-80;
10.2, Christ and Antichrist, 181-88;
10.3, Theology of Paul, 188-91].
Nov. 2 , Biblical Religious Experience in Psychodynamic Perspective, Part One
Read PIITB, Chapter 11, “Biblical Religious Experience: Dreams, Prophecy, and Healing”
Intro. 193-94;
11.1, “Dreams and Visions in the Bible,” 194-99;
11.2, Psychology of the Prophets, 199-204;
11.3. Healing, 204-210],
Reading by Donald Capps on “Psychological Biblical Criticism.
Wink class exercise on”Plucking Heads of Grain on the Sabbath”. Mar. 2:23-28
Nov. 9 Biblical Religious Experience in Psychodynamic Perspective, Part Two
Read PIITB, Chapter 12, “Biblical Religious Experience: The Demonic and Exorcism,
Glossolalia, and Conversion”
Intro. 212-13;
12.1, “Gerasene Demoniac, 214-19;
12.2, Glossolalia – Language of the Unconscious? 219-25;
12.3, On Conversion, 226-28.
. Special section on Paul and the Psychology of Biblical Ethics
Nov. 26 Biblical Personalities in Psychological Perspective:Ezekiel, Paul, Moses and Jesus
Read PIITB, Chapter 7, “Biblical Personalities: Ezekiel and Paul,” 116-37,
Intro. 116-18
7.1 Seeking Ezekiel , 118-26
7.2 Psychological Perspectives on the Life of Paul , 127-136
Chapter 8, “Biblical Personalities: Moses and Jesus”
Intro. 138-141
8.1 Moses and Yahweh141-149
[8.2 Jesus at Thirty, 149-156]
. Term Project Proposal Due
Nov.30 Assignment in John W. Miller, Jesus at Thirty: A Psychological and Historical Portrait,
Chap. 2. The Starting Point Ch. 5 Jesus and His Mother Ch. 8, Generativity
Ch. 3 The Turning Point
Ch. 6 Satan
Ch. 9 Jesus at Thirty
Ch. 4 Jesus and His Father Ch. 7, Sexuality
.Wink exercise on Blind Bartimaeus, Mark 10:46-52
Dec. 7. Psychology and Hermeneutics: What Texts Bring to Readers and Readers to Texts
Read PIITB, Chapter 5, “Between Texts and Readers,” 79-96.
Intro. 79-81
5.1 The Psychology of Biblical Interpretation, 81-86
5.2 Viewpoints: Perspectives of Faith and Christian Nurture, 86-95
5.3 Personality Type and Scripture, 95-96
. Class handout on Psychological Insight into Hermeneutics along with additional reading
of Donald Capps, “Psychological Biblical Criticism: Envisioning Its Prospects” in the
Rollins Festschrift, 53-61
Dec. 14 The Pathogenic and the Therapeutic in Biblical Texts and Interpretations
Read PIITB, Chapter 13, “Biblical Effects: The Pathogenic and Therapeutic,” 230-47,
13.1 The Evolution of a Pauline Toxic Text
13.2 ‘The Bible Made Me Do It:’ Text, Interpretation and Violence
13.3 Basic Types of Pastoral Care and Counseling: Resources for the Ministry of
Healing and Growth. (1984)
13.4 Biblical Stories for Psychotherapy and Counseling: A Sourcebook. (2004)
. Lectures on J. P. Dourley,. The Illness That We Are: A Jungian Critique of
Christianity. Toronto: Inner City Books, 1984. And Donald Capps,. Scripture and
Therapy in Pastoral Counseling. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1981.
Dec. 21 On the Nature and Habits of the Soul in Biblical Perspective: Retrospect and
Prospect Read Chapter 14 Biblical Psychology: On The Nature And Habits Of The
Soul PTIIB(248-64)
14.1 What is Biblical Psychology?
14.2 Biblical Psychology in Paul and the Old Testament
14.3 The Human Being: Jesus and the Enigma of the Son of the Man
. C.G. Jung: “Face to Face” video interview with BBC in 1960.
BOOK REVIEW SELECTION LIST FOR CREDIT STUDENTS
(Should you wish to report on a book not contained in this list,
contact Professor Rollins by e-mail or phone for possible approval)
Alter, Margaret G. Resurrection Psychology: An Understanding of Human Personality Based on
the Life and Teachings of Jesus. Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1994.
Bettelheim, Bruno. Freud and Man's Soul. New York: Knopf, 1982.
Brown, Schuyler. Text and Psyche: Experiencing Scripture Today. New York: Continuum, 1998.
Capps, Donald. Jesus: A Psychological Biography. St. Louis: Chalice Press, 2000.
Capps, Donald. Jesus the Village Psychiatrist Nashville: Westminster/ John Knox 2008.
Dolto, Francoise, and Gérard Sévérin. The Jesus of Psychoanalysis: A Freudian Interpretation of
the Gospel. Translated by Helen R. Lane. New York: Doubleday, 1979.
Halperin, David J. Seeking Ezekiel, Text and Psychology. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania
State University Press, 1993.
Hill, Jill, and Rand Cheadle. The Bible Tells Me So: Uses and Abuses of Holy Scripture. New
York: Anchor Books/ Doubleday, 1996.
Johnson, Cedric B. The Psychology of Biblical Interpretation. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983.
Johnson, Luke Timothy. Religious Experience in Earliest Christianity. Fortress, 1998
Jung, Carl Gustav. Memories, Dreams, Reflections. New York: Pantheon, 1963.
Kelsey, Morton. Dreams: The Dark Speech of the Spirit. New York: Doubleday, 1968.
Kille, D. Andrew. Psychological Biblical Criticism, Guides to Biblical Scholarship - Old
Testament Series. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2001.
LaCocque, A., and P.-E. Lacocque. Jonah: A Psycho-Religious Approach to the Prophet.
Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1990.
LaCocque, André. The Captivity of Innocence: Babel and the Yahwist
Eugene, Ore.: Cascade, 2010.
Le Donne, Anthony. Historical Jesus: What Can We Know and How Can We Know It?
Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2011.
McNish, Jill L. Transforming Shame: A Pastoral Response. New York: Haworth Press, 2004.
Newheart, Michael Willett. My Name is Legion: The Story and Soul of the Gerasene Demoniac,
Interfaces. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2004.
Oates, Wayne E. Temptation. A Biblical and Psychological Approach. Louisville, KY:
Westminster/ Knox, 1991.
Pfister, Oskar, and Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis and Faith: The Letters of Sigmund Freud
and Oskar Pfister. Translated by Eric Mosbacher. Edited by Heinrich Meng and Ernst A.
Freud. New York: Basic Books, 1963.
Rashkow, Ilona N. The Phallacy of Genesis: A Feminist-Psychoanalytic Approach, Literary
Currents in Biblical Interpretation. Louisville, KY: Westminster/ John Knox Press, 1993.
Rashkow, Ilona. Taboo or Not Taboo: Sexuality and Family in the Hebrew Bible. Miinneapolis:
Fortress, 2000.
Rollins, Wayne G. Jung and the Bible. Atlanta: John Knox, 1983.
Rubenstein, Richard. My Brother Paul. New York: Harper & Row, 1972.
Sanford, John A. The Kingdom Within. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1970.
Sanford, John A. The Man Who Wrestled with God: Light from the Old Testament on the
Psychology of Individuation. [1981, republished by Paulist; Ramsey, NJ] ed. King of Prussia,
PA: Religious Publishing Co., 1974.
Scroggs, Robin. Paul for a New Day. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1977.
Stewart, Elizabeth-Anne. Jesus the Holy Fool. Franklin, WI: Sheed & Ward, 1999.
Theissen, Gerd. Psychological Aspects of Pauline Theology. Translated by John P. Galvin.
Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987.
Vitz, Paul C. Sigmund Freud's Christian Unconscious. New York: Guilford Press, 1988.
Watts, Fraser, ed. Jesus and Psychology. London/ West Conshohocken, PA: Darton,
Longman, and Todd/ Templeton Foundation Press, 2007.
Westman, Heinz. The Structure of Biblical Myths: The Ontogenesis of the Psyche. Dallas, TX:
Spring Publications, Inc., 1983.
Wink, Walter. The Human Being: Jesus and The Enigma of the Son of the Man. Minneapolis:
Fortress, 2001.
Wuellner, Wilhelm H., and Robert C. Leslie. The Surprising Gospel: Intriguing Psychological
Insights from the New Testament. Nashville: Abingdon, 1984.
Zeligs, Dorothy. Psychoanalysis and the Bible: A Study in Depth of Seven Leaders. New York:
Bloch Publishing Co., 1974.
Additional Select Bibliography on Psychology and the Bible
Bal, Mieke. "Dealing! with Women: Daughters in the book of Judges." In The Book and
the Text: The Bible and Literary Theory, edited by Regina M. Schwartz, 16-39.
Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1990.
Beier, Matthias. A Violent God-Image: An Introduction to the Work of Eugen
Drewermann. New York: Continuum, 2004.
Bennet, E. A. What Jung Really Said. New York: Schocken Books, 1966.
Burleson, Blake. Jung in Africa. New York: Continuum International Publishing Co.,
2005.
Brunner, Emil. "Biblical Psychology." In God and Man: Four Essays on the Nature of
Personality, 136-178. London: SCM Press, 1946.
Campbell, Joseph, ed. The Portable Jung. New York: Viking Press, 1971.
Campbell, Joseph. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. New York: Pantheon Books, 1949.
Capps, Donald. Biblical Approaches to Pastoral Counseling. Philadelphia: Westminster,
1981.
Capps, Donald. Jesus the Village Psychiatrist Nashville: Westminster/ John Knox 2008.
Clift, Jean Dalby, and Wallace B. Clift. Symbols of Transformation in Dreams. New
York: Crossroads, 1984.
Cousineau, Phil, ed. Soul: An Archaeology: Readings from Socrates to Ray Charles. San
Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1994.
Cox, David. "Jung and St. Paul." Pastoral Psychology 10, no. April (1959): 35-42.
Ellens, 1. Harold, and Wayne G. Rollins, eds. Psychology and the Bible: A New Way to
Read the Scriptures. 4 vols. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2004.
Davis III, Charles T .. "Revelation Seventeen: The Apocalypse as Psychic Drama." In
Psychology and the Bible: A New Way to Read the Scriptures, edited by J. Harold
Ellens and Wayne G. Rollins, 213-230. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2004.
Delitzsch, Franz. A System of Biblical Psychology [= System der biblischen Psychologie.
Leipzig: Dorffling & Franke, 1861; ET, Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1869].
Translated by A. E. Wallis. 2nd ed. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1869
[1966].
Dolto, Francoise, and Gerard Severin. The Jesus of Psychoanalysis: A Freudian
Interpretation of the Gospel. Translated by Helen R Lane. New York:
Doubleday, 1979.
Dourley, John P. The Illness That We Are: A Jungian Critique of Christianity. Toronto:
Inner City Books, 1984.
Edinger, Edward. The Bible & the Psyche: Individuation Symbolism in the Old
Testament. Toronto: Inner City Books, 1986.
Ellenberger, Henri F. The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of
Dynamic Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books, 1970.
Ellens, J. Harold, and Wayne G. Rollins, eds. Psychology and the Bible: A New Way to Read the
Scriptures. 4 vols. Vol. 1-4. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2004.
Ellens, J. Harold, ed. Psychological Hermeneutics for Biblical Themes and Texts: A
Festschrift in Honor of Wayne G. Rollins. London/ New York: T & T Clark
International 2012.
Fletcher, M. Scott. The Psychology of the New Testament. 2nd ed. New York: Hodder &
Stoughton, 1912.
Frankl, Viktor. Man's Search for Meaning. Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.
Frankl, Viktor. The Unconscious God. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1975.
Freud, Sigmund. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund
Freud. Edited by James Strachey. 24 vols. London: Hogarth Press and the
Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1953-1974.
Fuller, Robert C. Americans and the Unconscious. New York: Oxford, 1986.
Girard, Rene. The Bible, Violence, and the Sacred: Liberation from the Myths of
Sanctioned Violence. San Francisco: Torch, 1991.
Goodenough, Erwin R. Jewish Symbols in the Greco-Roman Period. 13 vols, Bollingen
Series 37. New York: Pantheon, 1953-68.
Grant, Frederick C. "Psychological Study of the Bible." In Religions in Antiquity: Essays
in Memory of Erwin Ramsdell Goodenough, edited by Jacob Neusner, 107-124.
Leiden: Brill, 1968.
Greven, Philip. Spare the Child: The Religious Roots of Punishment and the
Psychological Impact of Physical Abuse. First Vintage Books Edition. New
York: Vintage Books, Random House, 1992 [1990].
Hall, Granville Stanley. Jesus, the Christ, in the Light of Psychology. New York:
Appleton & Co. ed. 2 vols. Also published Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1917.
Hamerton-Kelly, Robert G. Sacred Violence: Paul's Hermeneutic of the Cross.
Minneapolis: Fortress, 1992.
Harding, M. Esther. "The Cross as an Archetypal Symbol." In Carl Jung and Christian
Spirituality, edited by Robert L. Moore, 1-15. New York: Paulist, 1988.
Harsch, Helmut. "Psychologische Interpretation biblischer Texte?" In Wege Zum
Menschen: Festschrift fur Adolf Koberle, edited byU. Mann et al., 281-289.
Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1968.
Henry, Patrick. "Water, Bread, Wine: Patterns in Religion." In New Directions in New
Testament Study, 203-224. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1979.
Heron, Laurence T. ESP in the Bible. Garden City, NT: Doubleday, 1974.
Hillman, James. Re-Visioning Psychology. New York: Harper & Row, 1977.
Homans, Peter. "Psychology and Hermeneutics: Jung's Contribution." Zygon 4 (1969):
333-354.
Jacobi, Jolande. Complex, Archetype, Symbol in the Psychology of C. G. Jung. Translated
by Ralph Mannheirn, Bollingen Series LVII. Princeton: Princeton University
Press, 1959.
Jaffe, Aniela. From the Life and Work of C G. Jung. Translated by R. F. C. Hull. New
York: Harper Colophon Books, 1971.
James, William. The Varieties of Religious Experience. New York: Penguin Classics,
1902 [1985].
Jung, Carl G. "Christ, A Symbol of the Self" In Personality and Religion: The Role of
Religion in Personality Development, edited by William A. Sadler, Jr., 135-145.
New York: Harper & Row, 1970. or in CW IX.2.
Kelsey, Morton. Christopsychology. New York: Crossroad, 1982.
Kille, D. Andrew. Psychological Biblical Criticism, Guides to Biblical Scholarship - Old
Testament Series. Minneapolis: Fortress, 200l.
Kristeva, Julia. "Semiotics of Biblical Abomination." In Powers of Horror: An Essay
Abjection, 113-132. New York: Columbia University Press, 1982.
LaCocque, André. The Captivity of Innocence: Babel and the Yahwist
Eugene, Ore.: Cascade, 2010.
Lang, Bernhard. Eugen Drewermann, interprete de la Bible. Paris: Les editions du Cerfs,
1994.
Lapointe, F. H. "Origin and Evolution of the Term Psychology." American Psychologist
25 (1970): 640-46.
Le Donne, Anthony. Historical Jesus: What Can We Know and How Can We Know It?
.
Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2011.
Merenlahti, Petri. A Smaller God: On the Divinely Human Nature of Biblical Literature.
Eugene, OR: Cascade Books (Wipf & Stock), 2015.
Miles, Jack. "Jesus Before He Could Talk." New York Times Magazine,. December
vi
24, 1995 (1995): 28-33.
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Miller, David L. Christs: Meditations on Archetypal Images in Christian Theology. New
York: Seabury, 1981 .
Miller, David L., ed. Jung and the Interpretation of the Bible. New York: Continuum,
1995.
Moore, Robert L., ed. Carl Jung and Christian Spirituality. New York: Paulist, 1988.
Moore, Thomas. Care of the Soul. New York: Harper Collins, 1991.
Myers, I. Manual: The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Palo Alto, California: Consulting
Psychologists Press, 1962.
Philipson, M. Outline of a Jungian Aesthetics. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University
Press, 1963.
Powell, John, S. 1. Fully Human, Fully Alive: A New Life Through a New Vision. Niles,
IL: Argus Communications, 1976.
Ricoeur, Paul. Essays on Biblical Interpretation. Edited by Lewis S. Mudge.
Philadelphia: Fortress, 1980.
Rollins, Wayne G. "The Myth of Redemptive Violence or the Myth of Redemptive Love " In
The Destructive Power of Religion: Violence in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
(Condensed and Updated Version), edited by J. Harold Ellens, 219-29. Westport, Conn.:
Praeger, 2007.
Sanford, John A. The Invisible Partners: How the Male and Female in Each of Us Affects
Our Relationships. New York: Paulist Press, 1980.
Sanford, John A. King Saul, The Tragic Hero: A Study in Individuation. New York:
Paulist, 1985.
Scharfenberg, Joachim. Sigmund Freud and His Critique of Religion. Translated by 0, C.
Dean, Jr. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1988,
Singer, June. Boundaries of the Soul: The Practice of Jung's Psychology. New York:
Doubleday, 1972.
Spiegel, Yorick. Psychoanalytische Interpretationen biblischer texte. Munich: C. Kaiser,
1972,
Stein, Murray, and Robert Moore, eds. Jung's Challenge to Contemporary Religion.
Wilmette, IL: Chiron, 1987.
Strawn, Brent A. Ed.,The Bible and the Pursuit of Happiness: What the Old and New
Testamen,ts Teach Us About the Good Life (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012)
Van de Kemp, Hendrika. "Origin and Evolution of the Term 'Psychology': Addenda."
American Psychologist 35 (1980): 774.
Van Os, Bas, Psychological Analyses and the Historical Jesus: New Ways to Explore
Christian Origins. New York: T&T Clark International 2011.
Wehr, Gerhard. Jung: A biography. Translated by David M. Weeks. Boston: Shambala,
1988,
White, Victor, O,p, God and the Unconscious: An Encounter between Psychology and
Religion. New York: Meridian Books, 1952.
Wulff, David. Psychology of Religion: Classic and Contemporary Views. New York:
John Wiley and Sons, 1991.