St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
3030 W. Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd.
Tampa, FL
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management-Dr. Robert Leicht
April 11, 2011
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Today’s Agenda
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Project
Background
Project Background Information…
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Gen er al Pr o j ect In f o r mat io n
Gross Square Footage - New Construction
117,569 SF
Demolished Structure - 1st Floor
14,526 SF
Demolished Structure - 2nd Floor
16,644 SF
Penthouse - Portion of Roof
8,547 SF
Number of Levels
5 + Roof, All Above Grade
Occupancy Type
Institutional, I-2 (non-mixed)
Construction Start Date
May 2010
Construction End Date
August 2012
Cost
$49.5 Million - GMP
Delivery Method
Design-Bid-Build with CM at Risk
Project Delivery Team
Owner
St. Joseph’s Hospital Women’s Hospital
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Expansion
Operated by Baycare Health Systems
3030 West Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard
Tampa, FL 33607
Construction Manager
Barton Malow Company
8529 South Park Circle, Suite 140
Orlando, FL
Architect
HKS Architects, Inc.
225 East Robinson Street, Suite 405
Orlando, FL 32801
Structural Engineer
HKS, Inc.
1919 McKinney Avenue
Dallas, TX 75201
MEP Engineer
Smith Seckman Reid, Inc.
6948 Professional Parkway East
Sarasota, FL 34240
Civil Engineer
Mills & Associates
3242 Henderson Boulevard, Suite 300
Tampa, FL 33609
Medical Equipment Planner
HKS Architects, Inc.
113 Seabord Lane
Franklin, TN 37067
Landscape Architect
Graham Booth Landscape
Architecture
646 Second Avenue South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Project
Background
Project Background Information…
Project Delivery Team
Critical Dates
• Phase I Completion – June 22, 2011
• Owner Movie-in Completion – July 7, 2011
• Phase II Completion – April 6, 2012
• Phase III Renovation Completion – July 23, 2012
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Owner
St. Joseph’s Hospital Women’s Hospital
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Expansion
Operated by Baycare Health Systems
3030 West Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard
Tampa, FL 33607
Construction Manager
Barton Malow Company
8529 South Park Circle, Suite 140
Orlando, FL
Architect
HKS Architects, Inc.
225 East Robinson Street, Suite 405
Orlando, FL 32801
Structural Engineer
HKS, Inc.
1919 McKinney Avenue
Dallas, TX 75201
I Site
Phase II
SiteLayout
Layout
MEP Engineer
Smith Seckman Reid, Inc.
6948 Professional Parkway East
Sarasota, FL 34240
Civil Engineer
Mills & Associates
3242 Henderson Boulevard, Suite 300
Tampa, FL 33609
Medical Equipment Planner
HKS Architects, Inc.
113 Seabord Lane
Franklin, TN 37067
Landscape Architect
Graham Booth Landscape
Architecture
646 Second Avenue South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
How Can it Be Done?
Tongue and Groove Type Precast System
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Create a Repeatable Consistent Design that Requires Fewer Panels
and Connections
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
How Can it Be Done?
Tongue and Groove Type Precast System
Panel Weight Restriction
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
How Can it Be Done?
Tongue and Groove Type Precast System
Panel Weight Restriction
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
How Can it Be Done?
Tongue and Groove Type Precast System
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
Prefabrication Process…
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
•
Steel Supplier, Precast Manufacturer, and Glazing Supplier
Coordination
•
Steel Manufacturer Fabricates Embed Channels and Delivers
to Precast Facility
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
•
Precast manufacturers casts panels with steel embed
channels set in the form
•
Two-Layers of Prefabrication for Glazing
• Glazing and Frames are Joined at glazing facility
• Unitized Glazing is Shipped to Precast Manufacturing
Facility
• Glazing is Installed into Precast Openings at the Yard
•
Precast panels with sealed glazing are delivered to jobsite
and installed
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Schedule Analysis…
SIPS Approach was used
• Original Project Schedule – 10/27/11
• 47 days for precast erection
• 6 weekends to erect east façade
• 67 crew-days for window frames and glazing (45
days net)
• Active Dates 10/11/10 to 12/31/10
• Proposed Project Schedule – 10/27/11
• 20 days for precast erection
• 2 weekends to erect east façade
• 35 days for window frames and glazing
• Active Dates 10/11/10 to 12/2/11
Everything after 11/2/10 is on the Critical
Path!
17 Days
Project
Background
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
General Conditions Savings are Available
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Cost Analysis…
Contributing Factors:
• Additional Steel Members and Channels
• Precast Erection Labor Savings
• Window Installation Labor Savings
• Weekend Time Work
• Crane Change
• General Conditions
• Prefabrication of Windows
Summary of Savings for Proposed Precast and Glazing System Revisions
Item
Addition
Deduction
Steel Rails
$
108,800.00 $
Steel Embed Channels
$
76,160.00 $
Erection Labor from Schedule Savings
$
- $
28,832.00
Window Labor from Schedule Savings
$
- $
11,840.00
Weekend Erection Labor
$
- $
20,352.00
80 Ton Crane
$
- $
20,160.00
90 Ton Crane
$
8,800.00 $
GC Costs as a Result of CPM Reduction
$
- $
95,700.00
Prefabrication of Windows
$
- $
58,820.00
Totals
$
193,760.00 $
235,704.00
Net Savings
$
41,944.00
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Façade Redesign and Prefabrication…
How is it Being done?
• Precast Concrete panels welded to steel embed
plates in two-way flat plate slab
• Glazing “stick-built” in the field after precast has been
erected
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• Crane pick limitations
• NOA Rating for glazing assembly
• Extensive field welding
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• Reduce welding and installation time
• Include window installation in prefabrication stage
• NOA Rating Certification
• Cost savings
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Additional Considerations and Recommendations
• Not feasible in all applications
• Additional Prefabrication time
• Intense coordination needed (tight tolerance)
• Shipping larger, glazed panels
• Contractual obligations – buy out all shipping and caulking
• It needs to be done before we can gather the hard data needed
to justify the usage
• St. Joseph’s may not be the most practical application for this
system
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Structural Slab System Analysis…
How is it Being done?
• 12” Two-way flat plate slabs
• Structural Concrete Columns
• Concrete Shear walls for lateral support
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• High Cost
• Extensive amount of concrete
• Extensive amount of steel reinforcing
• Reduced above ceiling space
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• A quantitative way to evaluate different slab types and
their feasibility
• Reduced first cost from material savings
• additional above ceiling space
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Structural Slab System Analysis…
How is it Being done?
• 12” Two-way flat plate slabs
• Structural Concrete Columns
• Concrete Shear walls for lateral support
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• High Cost
• Extensive amount of concrete
• Extensive amount of steel reinforcing
• Reduced above ceiling space
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• A quantitative way to evaluate different slab types and
their feasibility
• Reduced first cost from material savings
• additional above ceiling space
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Original Concrete Structural Slab Takeoffs
Formwork
Item
Quantity Units Level (SFCA or LF)
System
Slab-on-Grade
23370
SF
1
812
Level 2 Structural Slab
26660
SF
2
1735
Slabs (Rebar Ratio for Level 3 Structural Slab
22493
SF
3
1829
Structural CIP Slabs = Level 4 Structural Slab
23250
SF
4
1638
213 lbs/CY)
Level 5 Structural Slab
23250
SF
5
1638
Level 6 Structural Slab
23250
SF
6
1638
Level 7-Penthouse Roof Slab
7401
SF
7
280
Sub-Total
149674
Waste-Factor
Totals
149674
Volume
(CY)
361
987
833.07
861.11
861.11
861.11
205.58
Steel
(lbs)
9815
210318
177445
183417
183417
183417
119
Total
Volume
(CY)
361
987
833
861
861
861
206
4970
2.0%
5069
Total
Total
Steel Formwork
(Tons) (SFCA or LF)
4.91
812
105.16
1735
88.72
1829
91.71
1638
91.71
1638
91.71
1638
0.06
280
473.97
9570
0.10
5.0%
521.37
10049
4492 Cubic Yards for Flat Plate Slabs
521 Tons of Rebar
$636,000 of Concrete
$755,000 of Rebar
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Structural Slab System Analysis…
How is it Being done?
• 12” Two-way flat plate slabs
• Structural Concrete Columns
• Concrete Shear walls for lateral support
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• High Cost
• Extensive amount of concrete
• Extensive amount of steel reinforcing
• Reduced above ceiling space
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• A quantitative way to evaluate different slab types and
their feasibility
• Reduced first cost from material savings
• additional above ceiling space
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
How do We Know Which One is Right?
What Other Options are There?
Slab Type
Two-Way Flat Plate
Cost (IF=5)
Average Reinforcing Material Labor
Cost/SF Quantities Costs Costs
GC Impacts
$ 22.00
Most
63%
37% None
$ 20.00
Average
Constructability Challenges (IF=2)
Cost Adjusted
Rank Value
Issue
3
15
Extremely heavy requiring extensive shoring
67%
33% None
6
30
74%
26% None
4
70%
30% None
Reduced GC with
8% possible reduced
schedule time
42% None
5
20
25
2
10
1
5
Inhibits future penetrations
Schedule Impacts (IF=1)
CC Adjusted
Rank Value
2
4
6
12
3
6
5
10
4
8
1
2
Post Tensioned
Pan Slab
More than
Average
$ 24.00 Average
Precast Duct Plank
$ 27.00
Waffle Slab
$ 26.00
One-Way Slab and Beam $ 28.00
Least
92%
Average
58%
Extensive formwork
Relatively deep slab thickness
Relatively deep slab thickness
Inhibits future penetrations
Topping slab needed
Requires crane time
Deep beam depth
Issue
None
Tendons must be stressed at
certain times before full
loading capabilities are
reached
Post shoring takes longer due
to irregular form face
Extensive Formwork
Likely to accelerate Schedule
May inhibit other trades' use
of crane
None
SI Rank
5
Miscellaneous Benefits (IF=0.5)
Adjusted
Value
Issue
5
Penetration flexibility and overdesign
1
1
3
3
2
2
6
6
4
4
Less traditional renforcing to be tied
Lighter weight than two-way
Lighter weight than two-way
Quality Control is higher
Lightweight
None
Adjusted Total
MB Rank Value
Values
6
3
27
2
1
44
3
1.5
30.5
4
2
39
5
2.5
26.5
1
0.5
11.5
Post Tensioning is most favorable
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Structural Slab System Analysis…
How is it Being done?
• 12” Two-way flat plate slabs
• Structural Concrete Columns
• Concrete Shear walls for lateral support
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• High Cost
• Extensive amount of concrete
• Extensive amount of steel reinforcing
• Reduced above ceiling space
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• A quantitative way to evaluate different slab types and
their feasibility
• Reduced first cost from material savings
• additional above ceiling space
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
New Takeoff Values…
Post Tensioned Concrete Structural Slab Takeoffs
Formwork Volume Steel
Item
Quantity Units Level (SFCA or LF) (CY)
(lbs)
System
Slab-on-Grade
23370
SF
1
812
361
9815
Level 2 Structural Slab
26660
SF
2
1735
617
77141
Slabs (Rebar Ratio for Level 3 Structural Slab
22493
SF
3
1829
521
65084
Structural CIP Slabs = Level 4 Structural Slab
23250
SF
4
1638
538
67274
125 lbs/CY)
Level 5 Structural Slab
23250
SF
5
1638
538
67274
Level 6 Structural Slab
23250
SF
6
1638
538
67274
7401
SF
7
280
205.58
119
Level 7-Penthouse Roof Slab
Sub-Total
149674
Waste-Factor
Totals
149674
Total
Volume
(CY)
361
617
521
538
538
538
206
3319
2.0%
3385
Total Total PT
Total
Steel Tendons Formwork
(Tons)
(lbs) (SFCA or LF)
4.91
0
812
38.57
21328
1735
32.54
17994
1829
33.64
18600
1638
33.64
18600
1638
33.64
18600
1638
0.06
0
280
176.99 95122
9570
10.0%
5.0%
5.0%
194.69 99878.52
10049
3385 CY of Concrete
195 Tons of Reinforcing Steel
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Structural Slab System Analysis…
How is it Being done?
• 12” Two-way flat plate slabs
• Structural Concrete Columns
• Concrete Shear walls for lateral support
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• High Cost
• Extensive amount of concrete
• Extensive amount of steel reinforcing
• Reduced above ceiling space
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• A quantitative way to evaluate different slab types and
their feasibility
• Reduced first cost from material savings
• additional above ceiling space
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
How Much Can We Save?
Post Tension Slab Savings Summary
Two-Way Flat Plate
Post Tension
Item
Quantity Unit
Cost
Quantity Unit
Cost
Elevated Flat Plate Slab Reinforcing
521.37 Ton $ 755,240.94 194.69 Ton $ 282,022.09
Large Project Reinforcing Deduction
-521.37 Ton $ (38,508.39) -194.69 Ton $ (14,379.80)
720.48 Ton $
Crane Handling Addition for Reinforcement
27,846.55 393.8 Ton $ 15,220.37
4492
C.Y. $ 558,984.48
2752
C.Y. $ 342,458.88
5000 psi Elevated Flat Plate Slab Concrete
4492
C.Y. $
2752
C.Y. $ 47,444.48
Pumping Elevated Flat Plate Slab Concrete
77,442.08
N/A
240
Ea. $ 4,320.00
Stud Rails
99879 Lbs $ 265,678.14
Post Tension Tendons
N/A
Total
$ 1,381,005.66
$ 942,764.16
New Takeoff Values…
Post Tensioned Concrete Structural Slab Takeoffs
Formwork Volume Steel
Item
Quantity Units Level (SFCA or LF) (CY)
(lbs)
System
Slab-on-Grade
23370
SF
1
812
361
9815
Level 2 Structural Slab
26660
SF
2
1735
617
77141
Slabs (Rebar Ratio for Level 3 Structural Slab
22493
SF
3
1829
521
65084
Structural CIP Slabs = Level 4 Structural Slab
23250
SF
4
1638
538
67274
125 lbs/CY)
Level 5 Structural Slab
23250
SF
5
1638
538
67274
Level 6 Structural Slab
23250
SF
6
1638
538
67274
7401
SF
7
280
205.58
119
Level 7-Penthouse Roof Slab
Sub-Total
149674
Waste-Factor
Totals
149674
Total
Volume
(CY)
361
617
521
538
538
538
206
3319
2.0%
3385
Total Total PT
Total
Steel Tendons Formwork
(Tons)
(lbs) (SFCA or LF)
4.91
0
812
38.57
21328
1735
32.54
17994
1829
33.64
18600
1638
33.64
18600
1638
33.64
18600
1638
0.06
0
280
176.99 95122
9570
10.0%
5.0%
5.0%
194.69 99878.52
10049
3385 CY of Concrete
Difference of $438,241.50
195 Tons of Reinforcing Steel
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Structural Slab System Analysis…
Other Considerations…
How is it Being done?
• 12” Two-way flat plate slabs
• Structural Concrete Columns
• Concrete Shear walls for lateral support
• Stressing tendons is dangerous!
What Issues Have Surfaced?
• High Cost
• Extensive amount of concrete
• Extensive amount of steel reinforcing
• Reduced above ceiling space
• Minimum strength required to stress
• May take more time
• May require a higher strength concrete to save time
• Cutting a stressed tendon is even more dangerous!!
• Less future penetrations
• Slab Camber
What Do We Hope to Gain?
• A quantitative way to evaluate different slab types and
their feasibility
• Reduced first cost from material savings
• additional above ceiling space
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
• Poor performance under large dynamic loads
• Sensitive imaging and laboratory equipment
• Increased Punching Shear
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Post Tension Slab Punching Shear…
Structural Grid Layout and Loading Parameters
What is the Problem?
• Reducing concrete slab thickness shifts the critical
design issue toward punching shear at column
supports
What Needs to Be Done?
• Evaluate punching shear according to ACI 318-0811
• Determine if additional provisions are needed to
resist shear
• Design reinforcing to correct the issue if it is found
that concrete alone cannot resist the loads.
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Post Tension Slab Punching Shear…
What is the Problem?
• Reducing concrete slab thickness shifts the critical
design issue toward punching shear at column
supports
What Needs to Be Done?
• Evaluate punching shear according to ACI 318-0811
• Determine if additional provisions are needed to
resist shear
• Design reinforcing to correct the issue if it is found
that concrete alone cannot resist the loads.
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Post Tension Slab Punching Shear…
What is the Problem?
• Reducing concrete slab thickness shifts the critical
design issue toward punching shear at column
supports
What Needs to Be Done?
• Evaluate punching shear according to ACI 318-0811
• Determine if additional provisions are needed to
resist shear
• Design reinforcing to correct the issue if it is found
that concrete alone cannot resist the loads.
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Post Tension Slab Punching Shear…
What is the Problem?
• Reducing concrete slab thickness shifts the critical
design issue toward punching shear at column
supports
What Needs to Be Done?
• Evaluate punching shear according to ACI 318-0811
• Determine if additional provisions are needed to
resist shear
• Design reinforcing to correct the issue if it is found
that concrete alone cannot resist the loads.
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Post Tension Slab Punching Shear…
What is the Problem?
• Reducing concrete slab thickness shifts the critical
design issue toward punching shear at column
supports
What Needs to Be Done?
• Evaluate punching shear according to ACI 318-0811
• Determine if additional provisions are needed to
resist shear
• Design reinforcing to correct the issue if it is found
that concrete alone cannot resist the loads.
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Stud Rail Dimensions
• Studs per rail – 4
• Diameter – 0.5”
• Cross Sectional Area – 0.196 in2
• Spacing – 2.625” c.c.
• Stud Overall Length – 4.75”
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Project
Background
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Post Tension Slab Punching Shear…
What is the Problem?
• Reducing concrete slab thickness shifts the critical
design issue toward punching shear at column
supports
What Needs to Be Done?
• Evaluate punching shear according to ACI 318-0811
• Determine if additional provisions are needed to
resist shear
• Design reinforcing to correct the issue if it is found
that concrete alone cannot resist the loads.
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Stud Rail Dimensions
• Studs per rail – 4
• Diameter – 0.5”
• Cross Sectional Area – 0.196 in2
• Spacing – 2.625” c.c.
• Stud Overall Length – 4.75”
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management
Façade Design and
Prefabrication Analysis
Structural Slab System
Analysis
Punching shear Structural
Analysis
Conclusion and
Acknowledgements
t
St. Joseph’s Women’s Hospital
Project
Background
What did We Learn?
Thank you…
• Incorporating more prefabrication will reduce
cost
• The new precast system would better benefit a
larger project with a more repetitive façade, and
may not be worth instating at St. Joseph’s
• Parents
• Friends
• Professors
• Post tensioning reduces a large amount of
materials cost
• Post tensioning will likely create the need for
additional punching shear reinforcing
Questions?
• Stud rails are a very cost efficient way of
addressing punching shear
Penn State Architectural Engineering
Senior Thesis Presentation – April 11, 2011
Dennis Gibson
Construction Management