GRAMMAR: parts of speech
Verbs Review
A verb tells what a subject does. Verbs can be used in the past, present of future tense.
Some verbs are irregular, meaning they use special forms to show the past tense (ex.
speak…spoke). Verbs should be used in either a singular or plural form to be in
agreement with their subjects.
TYPES OF VERBS:
Action verbs tell what nouns or pronouns do.
Ex. Ian exploded with laughter.
What did Ian do?
 Transitive are action verbs that can have a direct object.
Ex. Tom swatted a fly.
Test = ask WHAT? Swatted what?
 Intransitive are action verbs that can’t have a direct object.
Ex. Water evaporates.
Linking Verbs link a subject with the information about it.
Ex. Mike is handsome. OR She appears flustered.
Helping Verbs help the main verb do its job and contribute to the tense of the verb
phrase.
Ex. It will rain tomorrow.
(HV) (MV)
Phrasal Verbs need a preposition to make sense.
Ex. Let’s make up an answer.
TRICKY WORDS THAT AREN”T VERBS!
Larry wants to be a star.
He should not go on vacation with us.
Adjectives Review
An adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun. (tells what something looks like,
feels like, tastes like, smells like, or sounds like)
Ex: Tired, injured Ufta dragged himself back to his cave.
Ufta, tired and injured, dragged himself back to his cave.
Adjectives tell us:
What kind?
Which one?
How many?
Hungry little pigs roasted meaty wolf ribs over hot flames.
This meal would be tasty!
Three little pigs knew what to do with one big, bad, wolf dude.
Note: MEMORIZE the questions that adjectives answer!!!!
How to use these kinds of adjectives:
Pronouns as adjectives
Predicate adjectives
Articles
Nouns as adjectives
Few pigs can resist this treat.
Roasted wolf ribs taste delicious!
The secret is in the sauce.
Put wolf ribs on your dinner menu tonight!
Adverbs Review
An adverb tells how, when, where, or how much something happens.
When you use adverbs, you get direct the action of the verb!!!
Ex: Jared runs quickly. Jared’s mom happily sends him on errands to the
store.
Ned walks slowly. Ned’s mom reluctantly sends him on errands to the
store.
Note: MEMORIZE the questions that adverbs answer!!!
How? When? Where? How much? To what extent? Under what conditions?
Words adverbs modify:
Verbs
Adjectives
Other adverbs
About tricky adverbs and adjectives
About adverb comparisons
Troy ate slowly.
How did Troy eat?
Rita’s gym locker smells really awful!
To what extent or how awful does the locker
smell?
Copy this drawing very carefully.
I did a good job studying, so I did well on
the test.
Ian plays well. Lisa plays better. Troy
plays best.
Sentences Review
A sentence is a complete thought with a subject and a verb.
There are four kinds of sentences:
Declarative
Ex. Here comes Mike. (Makes a statement & ends with a period)
Interrogative
Ex. Do you like him? (Asks a question & ends with a question
mark)
Exclamatory
Ex. Wow, that’s awesome! (Shows strong feelings & has an
exclamation mark at the end.
Imperative
Ex. Be cool. (Gives a command & ends with a period)
A subject is the noun or pronoun the sentence is about.
Ex: The sun is shining brightly on a meadow.
A predicate is the verb and its modifiers that tell about the subject
Ex: The sun is shining brightly on the meadow.
Compound subjects are two our more subjects connected by a conjunction
Ex: Leroy and Shari are working on a project.
Compound predicates are two or more verbs connect by a conjunction
Ex: Brian washed and waxed the car.
Compound sentences are two sentences connected by a conjunction
Ex: Some dogs have long tails, but other dogs don’t.
A sentence fragment looks like a sentence but it isn’t.
Ex: Somewhere over the rainbow, way up high.
A run-on sentence is a sentence that runs on into the next sentence
Ex: We played cards and we dance for a while, then we at around and talked
forever, it was wonderful!
Parts of Speech Review
DIRECTIONS: In each circle are a group of words that are the same parts of speech.
Choose the name of the parts of speech that goes with the words in the circles and write
the name of the part of speech on the top line for each circle. One example is done for
you.
adjectives
verbs
adverbs
nouns
conjunctions
interjections
prepositions
pronouns
pronouns
he
she
it
they
we
but
and
or
nor
Mrs. Jones
girl
dog
bone
friend
loudly
really
nicely
quietly
very
Wow!
Ouch!
Hey!
Yikes!
on
about
at
for
in
run
jump
scream
play
yell
pretty
foggy
tall
big
fun