General Psychology
A
Nickerson and Adams (1979)
 Memory is not a complete and accurate copy of
experience
 Memory is shaped by contextual variables such as
task and environment
 Memory is not a unitary process
 Encoding
 Storage
 Retrieval
 Context Effects - Encoding Specificity
 Effort and Organization - Levels of Processing
 Visual imagery encoding
Learn
Godden and Baddeley (1975)
Test
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Candy
P = rate the pleasantness
C = count the vowels
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 How could you use the link between encoding and
retrieval to increase your performance on the next
test?
 Long term memory
LTM
What are these?
What are these?
 Explicit memory
 Implicit memory
 Episodic memory
 Semantic memory
 Procedural memory
_ OOK _
 Forgetting as retrieval failure
 Forgetting as interference
sandwich
solar
water
animal
blossom
fabric
vacation
dough
piano
nuclear
vegetable
belly
school
c
p
guitar
reporter
typewriter
daisy
hurricane
jewel
airport
chicken
gate
forest
popcorn
judge
table
p
c
 Write down all the words you can remember.
 Score your recall using the list on the next slide
 Note how many remembered words were from
your vowel counting condition
 Note how many were from your pleasantness
condition
c
solar
water
animal
blossom
fabric
vacation
dough
piano
p
nuclear
vegetable
belly
school
sandwich
jewel
airport
chicken
gate
p
guitar
reporter
typewriter
daisy
hurricane
forest
popcorn
judge
table
c
 Memory Palaces
 https://youtu.be/6JnDBYf9odc