I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
What is Matter?
• Matter
– Anything that has mass
and takes up space.
– Makes up most
materials.
– Can you think of
something that is not
matter?
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Length
– Distance between two
points.
– Tools:
• Meter Stick
• Metric Ruler
– Units
• mm or cm = small
• m = short distances
• km = large distances
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Measuring Length
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Mass
– Describes the
amount of matter in
an object.
– Unit - grams (g)
– Balance
• Instrument used
to measure mass.
– Triple Beam
Balance
– Electronic
Balance
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• How to Measure Mass
– 1. Make sure the balance
is zeroed.
– 2. Place the object on the
pan.
– 3. Move the riders (or
windows) one notch at a
time away from the pan.
• Begin with the largest.
• Change the positions of
the riders (or windows)
until the pointer is at 0.
• Add all beams to
determine the mass.
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• How to Measure Mass
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Mass
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Weight
– A measure of the
gravitational force on
an object.
– Can vary depending on
gravity.
– Instrument Used
• Scale
– Measured in units of
force
• Unit – Newton (N)
Scale
Spring scale
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Volume
– the amount of space an
object takes up
– Instruments used:
• Ruler
• Graduated Cylinder
– Units:
• cm3
• mL
• L
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Volume of a Solid
– Measured in units of
length (cm)
– Formula for a rectangle
• V=LxWxH
• Units = cm3
• Calculate the Volume of
the Box.
– Each side is 1 cm.
• V = ___________
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Volume of a liquid
– Measured with a
graduated cylinder.
– Meniscus
• The curve of a liquid
– Find the volume by
reading at the bottom of
the meniscus.
– Units
• mL
• L
I will be able to define matter and describe the
properties of matter.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Calculate the Volume of
the liquids.
I will be able to define matter and describe the
properties of matter.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Calculate the Volume of
the liquids.
I will be able to define matter and describe the
properties of matter.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Volume of Irregular Solids
– Water Displacement Steps
1.
2.
3.
Put water in grad. cylinder
Read / record the starting
volume
Gently slide object in the
cylinder.
– Don’t splash
4.
5.
6.
Record the final volume of
the water and the object.
Subtract the starting
volume from the final
volume.
The difference = volume of
the object.
I will be able to define matter and describe how
the properties of matter can be measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Calculate the Volume of
the Rock
– Starting Volume (cylinder
A)
– Final Volume (cylinder b)
– Volume = Final Volume –
Starting Volume
A
B
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
Density Demo 1
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Problems:
– What will happen when the
small steel ball is placed in the
water?
– What will happen when the
large steel ball is placed in the
water?
• Hypotheses:
– If the small steel ball is placed
in the water, then the small
steel ball will _________.
– If the large steel ball is placed in
the water, then the large steel
ball will _________.
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
Density Demo 2
• Problems:
– What will happen when
an egg is placed in beaker
1?
– What will happen when
an egg is placed in beaker
2?
• Hypotheses:
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Density
– A measure of the amount
of mass in a given volume
• Mass and volume are
properties of all
substances.
• Density of substance
always remains the same
no matter how much of
the substance you have.
– Expressed as a ratio
• Units
– g/mL = g/cm3
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Density Example
– Think about the number
of students in this room.
If you had 38 students
(represent molecules) in
the room, how would
that compare to having
76 students (molecules)
in the room
– Which situation would be
denser?
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Calculating Density
– Directions:
• 1. Write the correct
equation to use.
• 2. Plug in the numbers.
• 3. Circle your final
answer (don’t forget
units)
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Calculating Density
1. Mass = 150g
Density = 50g/cm3
Volume =
2. Volume = 70 cm3
Density = 30g/ cm3
Mass = ?
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Density of Substances
– Once you know an
object’s density, you can
determine whether an
object will float/rise or
sink.
• If an object is less dense
that the surrounding
material it will float/rise
• If an object is more dense
than the surrounding
material it will sink.
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Density of Water
– Density of Water =
1g/mL or 1g/cm3
• If an objects density is
les than Is 1g/mL or
1g/cm3
– The object will
rise/float
• If an objects density is
greater than Is 1g/mL
or 1g/cm3
– The object will sink
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Math Problems
– Pumice is an igneous rock,
formed by rapidly cooling
lava. What is the density
of a 49.8g piece of pumice
that has a volume of 83
cm3? Will the pumice sink
or float?
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Math Problems
– Obsidian is another type
of igneous rock. What is
the mass of the rock if the
D= 2.6g/cm3 and the
volume is 92 ml? Will
Obsidian sink or float?
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
How Can Matter be Measured?
• Math Problems
– A student determines the
mass of a metal paperclip
to be 1.42g (grams). The
student also determines
the volume and finds that
it has a volume of 2mL.
• Determine the density of
the paperclip.
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
Calculate the Approximate Density of the Egg
1.
Using the appropriate tools,
determine the density of water / salt
water.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mass the cylinder.
Add 20mL of solution to cylinder with
pipet.
Mass the cylinder and water.
Determine the mass of the water.
2.
Create a table to display your results.
For mass and volume of the water.
3.
Using the data you found,
approximate the density of the egg.
I will be able to define density and describe how
density is measured.
Calculate the Approximate Density of the Egg
Density
Saltwater
Freshwater
Mass
Volume