Warm Up:
• What year was the Declaration of
Independence?
• What did it do?
• Jarrett Book
• Pgs: 89-94
• Graphic Organizer
TEKS/SE
8.4a- Analyze causes of the American revolution, including mercantilism and British economic policies following the French and Indian War
8.4b- explain the role played by significant individuals during the American Revolution, including Samuel Adams and King George III
The beginning of the end of the
colonies. . .
• The British colonists in America had fought
alongside their mother country in the French
and Indian War.
• With the British victory and the acquisition
on the Ohio River Valley from France, the
colonists dreamed of settling west of the
Appalachian Mountains.
French and Indian War
• War between the French and British.
• They were fighting for control of North
America
• BRITIAN WON
• The concequences for the colonists were:
• - Taxes
• - Proclamation of 1763
But. . .
• With a large debt left over
from the war, and angry
natives on the other side of
the mountains, the King
could not afford to protect
the colonists from western
natives.
• He issued the Proclamation
of 1763, disallowing all
settlements west of the
Appalachians (1)
Those rascally colonists. . .
• Many colonists, feeling as though they earned
the right to the land, moved anyway, ignoring
the King’s Proclamation.
• The rebellious attitude in the colonies was
emerging
Wait, the king’s broke?
• Wars cost money, and
after seven years of
fighting the French, the
king owed a lot of cash.
• He, along with
Parliament, felt that the
colonists should repay
the debt, since the war
was on their soil.
Salutary neglect
• For over a century, the colonies had been
running their own affairs, and Britain had little
involvement in the colonial governments.
Your
Highness, we
wish to pass
this law. . .
Yeah,
whatever, I’m
busy watching
the Hills.
• This was known as
salutary neglect
The end of salutary neglect
• Now Parliament was going to put taxes
directly on the colonists.
What do You Think?
• Do you think it was fair for the British
Government to all of a sudden control
EVERYTHING the colonist set up? Why?
• Has this ever happened to you?
Colonial Taxes
• In 1764, Parliament passed the first tax, The
Sugar Act.(2) Which, as you might guess,
taxed sugar.
Colonial Reaction:
• This tax mainly
affected
merchants, so
reaction was
mild.
• Some merchants
began to
smuggle, or
sneak in, goods
to avoid the tax.
What do You Think?
• Does smuggling still occur today?
3. The Stamp Act
• In 1765, Parliament passed the Stamp Act.
• This Act required colonists to buy a stamp for
all paper they used.
The Colonists are FURIOUS!!!
• Colonists had been
paying taxes to their
colonial governments,
and were cool with it.
• But they had no
representatives in
Parliament, and they felt
that the Stamp Act was
unjust.
Colonists Protest
• While some protested through words, many,
such as the “Sons of Liberty,” protested
violently.
Parliament backs down
• After months of protests, Parliament repealed,
or cancelled, the Stamp Act.
4. Quartering Act
of 1765
- required colonies
to quarter
(house) British
soldiers and
provide them with
supplies (food,
guns, shelter).
5. The Townshend Acts 1767
• To pay for British
troops stationed in
the colonies, The
Townshend Acts put a
duty, or tax, on
imported goods from
Britain (glass, paint,
paper, tea, etc.)
SAM ADAMS steps up!
• Sam Adams, a leader of the Sons of Liberty,
led a boycott of the taxed goods.
The official beverage of the
Sons of Liberty!
• A boycott is when you refuse to buy an item
• Parliament repealed all, except the tax on tea.
6. Boston Massacre
• Following the Townshend Acts and colonial
protests, British officials felt that they were
losing their colonies.
• 1000 troops arrived in Boston in the fall of
1768.
Tensions rise
• The British soldiers were poorly paid, and they
took off duty jobs in Boston Harbor, for less
pay than colonists.
• Colonists grow even angrier, yelling insults at
the soldiers in the street.
Bloody
redcoat!
Lobsters for sale! Go back
to Britain!
Bloody, no good, YANKEE!
Tensions boil over
• In front of the Custom House, on March 5,
1770, Crispus Attucks and fellow dock
workers, were insulting a soldier
QUIT TAKING
OUR JOBS!
Quit being an
idiot!
• More soldiers show up, led by Captain
Prescott, to control the crowd, that is growing
rapidly. Many new arrivals are bringing clubs.
• Prescott yells at his men to hold their fire, and
tells the crowd to leave and go home.
• Someone throws a large stone, hitting a
soldier in the head.
• The soldiers raise their guns as a show of
force, hoping the colonists disperse. Prescott
repeats his order not to fire.
• Someone in the crowd yells. . .
FIRE!!
• Crispus Attucks and four others lay dead
The Sons of Liberty Respond
• The Sons of Liberty are quick to publish their
account of the events, which they call “the
Boston Massacre.”
Paul Revere created the
etching to the right.
Massacre
• Defined by Webster’s dictionary as a
“wholesale slaughter”
• Is this accurate to what happened in Boston?
Prescott on trial
• Prescott and his men were arrested and put
on trial for murder.
• John Adams (cousin of Samuel Adams and
future 2nd president of the USA) defended
them in court.
The law should be deaf to
the clamors of the
populace.
Not guilty?
• Thanks to the defense of John Adams, the jury
found Prescott and his men not guilty. They
believed that they acted in self defense.
7. The Tea Act 1773
• To rescue the failing
British East India
Company, Britain gave
them a monopoly
(complete control) on
the tea trade in the
colonies.
• This allowed the BEIC
to charge whatever
price they wanted.
8. The Boston Tea Party 1773
• The Sons of Liberty reacted by dressing up like
natives, storming tea ships, and dumping the
tea into Boston Harbor.
Now the British are mad. . .
Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts in 1774 (9)
This act closed the Boston Harbor until the people
of Boston paid for the lost tea.
And decided it was time to lay
down the law. . . .