Name: _____________________________
Date: ______________
Block: ____
Thermal Energy and Law of Conservation of Energy Study Guide
1. What is the difference between thermal energy and temperature?
2. A lake and a pond are both 24C. Which has more thermal energy and why?
There is more thermal energy in the __________________ because _______________
___________________________________________________________________
3. What is specific heat? What are the units for specific heat? What is the formula for
specific heat?
Definition/Explanation
a) How much energy is needed to
raise .25 kg of glass by 5C?
b) How much energy is needed
to raise 1 kg of water by 3C?
Formula
Material
Specific
Heat Value
Glass
664
Sand
670
Water
4180
Silver
235
Units
c) How much energy is needed to
raise 500 kg of sand by 10C?
d) How much energy is needed to
raise .2 kg of silver by 100C?
e) What is the specific heat of a substance that requires 150,000 J of energy to raise a mass
of 25 kg by 75C?
4. What are the 4 main phases of matter? Describe the molecular motion and particle
arrangement of each.
Phase of Matter
Molecular Motion
Particle Arrangement
5. Explain thermal expansion and how it relates to a thermometer.
6. What are the three main temperature scales? What is the melting and boiling point of
water on each scale?
Temperature Scale
Melting point of water
Boiling point of water
7. List the two phases of matter in each phase transition.
a. Freezing
b. Melting
c. Condensation
d. Evaporation/Boiling
e. Condensation
f. Deposition
8. Label the phase change of each arrow. In the boxes under the phases draw a small picture
of how the molecules are arranged.
9. Answer the following questions using the phase diagram of unknown substance X.
a. Which section represents the solid phase? _____
b. What section represents the liquid phase? _____
c. What section represents the gas phase? _____
d. What letter represents the triple point? _____
e. What is the substance’s normal melting point, at 1 atm of pressure? _____
f. What is the substance’s normal boiling point, at 1 atm of pressure? _____
g. At what temperature and pressure do all three phases coexist? ________________
10. What is the definition of a triple point?
11. What is normal temperature and pressure? (Don’t forget units) _____________________
12. Label the phases of matter in the phase diagram below.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
13. What is heat?
14. What are the three methods of heat transfer? Give an example and description of each.
Method of heat
Example
transfer
15. What is the law of conservation of energy? ____________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
16. What is the unit for energy? _____________________________
17. List the 8 different forms of energy. Describe each and identify whether it is classified as
being potential energy or kinetic energy.
Form of Energy
Description
Potential or Kinetic
18. Explain the energy transformation that happens in each picture.
a.
_____________________
b.
_____________________
c.
_____________________
d.
______________________
19. You turn on a lamp and the electrical energy flowing into the lamp equals 90J. The radiant
energy the lamp produces is only 30J. What happened to the remaining 60J of energy?
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