Brainstorm:
Where do you find persuasive
writing?
How can you personally use
persuasive writing?
Letters
Editorials
Speeches
Advertisements
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A good persuasive piece:
Has a strong hook.
Clearly states a thesis.
Provides reasons to support thesis.
Includes well-developed details for
reasons.
Provides a rebuttal.
Has a compelling conclusion.
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Mini-lesson:Three age-old strategies:
According to ancient Greek philosopher,
Aristotle, persuasive writing needs:
Ethos (character): appeal to reader’s sense of
right and wrong.
Pathos (emotional): appeal to reader’s emotions.
Logos (reason): appeal to reader’s logic.
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Think Pair Share
Convince me that homework is a bad idea.
Make three points using the following
strategies:
Ethos: appeal to my sense of fairness.
Pathos: appeal to my emotions.
Logos: appeal to my sense of reason.
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Think Pair Share
Convince a friend to dye his or her hair purple
with you.
Ethos: appeal to his or her sense of fairness.
Pathos: appeal to his or her emotions.
Logos: appeal to his or her sense of reason.
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Think Pair Share
Convince your parent to let you have a big sleepover for your
birthday. Make three points using the following strategies:
Ethos: appeal to his or her sense of fairness.
Pathos: appeal to his or her emotions.
Logos: appeal to his or her sense of reason.
Challenge: the last time you had a sleepover, feelings were
hurt, things got broken, and no one got any sleep!
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Exit Slip
Convince our principal to let you have water bottles
and chew gum in school using:
Ethos: appeal to his or her sense of fairness.
Pathos: appeal to his or her emotions.
Logos: appeal to his or her sense of reason.
Lable responses!
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PICK A TOPIC
ORGANIZE
IDEAS
RESEARCH
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Pick a position!
Topic: Do celebrities make good role
models?
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Opinion:
Details (4-5)
Reason 1:
Reason 2:
Rebuttal:
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Opinion: School should be shortened to 3 days
Reason 1: stress
a.
b.
c.
d.
Stress causes illness
Sick students are absent
Stress also leads to fatigue
Tired students can’t concentrate
Reason 2: time
with family and
friends
a.
b.
c.
d.
Family and friends build self esteem
Working parents
Divorce is another issue
Social success outside of school
Rebuttal: Some
a. Can’t learn enough in three days, but I
people believe...I
disagree because… disagree. If teachers are efficient, kids will
learn more in three than they would in five.
b. Kids lonely and bored at home…
c. Kids will get into trouble….
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Opinion: School should be shortened to 3 days
Reason 1: stress
Reason 2: time
with family and
friends
Just identify 2 reasons and ask yourself:
1. Do they support my thesis?
2. Are they different from each
other?
3. Can I provide 4 to 5 details to
develop the reason?
Rebuttal:
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Opinion: School should be shortened to 3 days
Reason 1: stress
a.
b.
c.
d.
Stress causes illness
Sick students are absent
Stress also leads to fatigue
Tired students can’t concentrate
Reason 2: time
with family and
friends
a.
b.
c.
d.
Family and friends build self esteem
Working parents
Divorce is another issue
Social success outside of school
Rebuttal:
Now add details! Make sure the details:
1. Support the reason.
2. Don’t have repetition.
3. Are quality details.
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Opinion: School should be shortened to 3 days
Reason 1: stress
a.
b.
c.
d.
Stress causes illness
Sick students are absent
Stress also leads to fatigue
Tired students can’t concentrate
Reason 2: time
with family and
friends
a.
b.
c.
d.
Family and friends build self esteem
Working parents
Divorce is another issue
Social success outside of school
Rebuttal: Some
people believe…
Provide 3 points
and
counterpoints!
a. …students can’t learn enough in three days,
but if teachers are efficient, kids will learn
more in three than they would in five.
b. …children get lonely and bored at home,
but I say they can fill time with parents and
friends and activities.
c. …kids will get into trouble. While some
kids may get in trouble, should we punish all
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students for the actions of a few?
Mini-lesson: provide two distinct reasons.
What’s wrong with these reasons?
Cats are better pets than dogs because:
They are independent.
II. They don’t require much attention.
I.
These reasons are too similar.
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What’s wrong with these reasons?
Homework should be banned because:
I.
II.
Students don’t have calculators at home.
Students don’t have what they need to complete
homework.
One reason is a detail for the other reason.
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Mini-lesson: make sure your details are
distinct and support your reason.
What wrong with these details?
Cats are better pets than dogs because:
I.
Cats are independent.
a)
don’t need to be walked several times a day.
b)
use the litter box so you don’t have to rush home to
walk them.
c)
enjoy alone time and don’t require as much
interaction.
Details “a” and “b” are too similar.
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What wrong with these details?
Cats are better pets than dogs because:
I.
Cats cost less.
a)
they consume less food.
b)
their vet visits are cheaper.
c)
they’re not noisy like barking dogs.
Detail “c” is off topic or irrelevant.
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Mini-lesson: Rebuttal
What’s wrong with the opposing point statement
below?
III. Dogs are better than cats because they are more
loyal, fun, and affectionate.
III. Some people say that dogs are more loyal, fun, and
affectionate than cats. I disagree.
Use transitions to show you are now presenting the
opposing view.
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What’s wrong with these opposing view
details?
a)
b)
c)
Dogs are man’s best friend and will
defend you with their lives.
Our canine friends love to play fetch and
other games.
They lick your face to show their love of
you.
No rebuttal is provided!!! You’re scoring one for
the other team!
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Refute!
a)
b)
c)
While some people believe that dogs
are man’s best friend, I think that cats
have a quiet sort of loyalty.
Although our canine friends love to play
fetch and other games, cats can be
equally playful with a ball of string.
While dogs lick your face to show their
love, cats nestle in your lap and will also
give you a few affectionate licks.
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T Chart Peer Review
Reasons and details:
 Is each reason supported by 4 quality details?
 Can the writer really get 5 to 7 well-developed
sentences out of this?
 Are all details related to reason?
 Is there any repetition?
Rebuttal:
 Did the writer use the necessary transitions to distinguish
between his view and opposition? (Some people say…I
disagree.)
 Are three opposing points refuted?
 Did the writer really refute or discredit the opposition?
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Adding borrowed ideas to graphic organizer:
Always paraphrase unless the quote is unique and must be
quoted such as “I have a dream” (Martin Luther King).
 Original text: “Many athletes have gotten to where they
are with little or no emphasis on academics.”
 Paraphrase and cite: Doing well in school is not important
to many athletes (Ashe).
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You try it!
Paraphrase the following direct quote. Don’t use the
unique language of the original text. Be prepared to share!
“All who would aspire to prominence (distinction) in
sports know they will pay a price in exchange for their
successes.”
“Why should we follow those athletes who
demonstrate execrable (terrible) personal qualities off
the field?”
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Research!
1. Read
sources and annotate any details that
support your reason 1 or 2 (Label details R1
or R2).
2. Add details to graphic organizer through
paraphrasing (in your own words!).
After the detail, place a parenthetical citation so
reader know where the idea came from (author
name).
EX: Athletes show their fans bad behaviors on and off the
field (Ashe).
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Cite your sources!

Cite the source:
Author (last name, first name). "Article
title." idebate.org. Date. idebate.org,
Source. Date accessed. URL address.
Example:
"This House would ban animal testing."
idebate.org. 17 Feb 2012. Web. 1 Aug 2013.
http://idebate.org/debatabase/debates/anim
al-rights/house-would-ban-animal-testing
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Research!





Read through articles to identify two reasons. Get
them approved.
Read articles a second time, highlighting words or
sentences to support your position. Label what you
highlight (R1 for reason 1 and R2 for reason 2).
Read article that gives information on the opposing
view. Highlight at least 3 points to refute or discredit
during your rebuttal. Label them R1, R2, and 3.
Make sure paraphrase as you are taking notes.
Use quotation marks for direct quotes from the article.
Direct quotes should only be used sparingly! I want to
see how you express yourself, not how a professional
author expresses ideas.
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The hook:
questions
story or anecdote
facts or statistics
inspiring quote
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Ask questions
 How would you like it if you had asthma, and
you had sit next to someone in a restaurant
who was smoking a cigarette? How would you
like choking down their smoke into your
already weak lungs, wondering if you will get
through your meal without using your inhaler?
Is this an example of ethos, pathos, or logos?
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Tell a story
Cigarettes stole my grandpop away from me.
He was the father of four kids and seven grandkids,
and he always had enough love for every one of us.
When he died of lung cancer last year, the world
lost another special person to tobacco. Some
people might say my grandpop knew what he was
doing when he smoked all those years, but those
people just don’t understand the power of
addiction.
Is this an example of ethos, pathos, or logos?
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Offer a fact or statistic
Do you know that one out of every five
deaths in the U.S. is caused by tobacco? That’s
430,000 Americans who die each year because
of smoking.
Is this an example of ethos, pathos, or logos?
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Offer an inspiring quotation
“If a group of terrorists decided to
place a poison gas in public places there
would be public outrage and prompt
reaction.” (William Farone, former Philip
Morris scientist).
Is this an example of ethos, pathos, or logos?
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Do you sometimes feel like you see your
teachers more than your friends and family?
Do you wish you just have more time to
yourself? Do you have personal goals that
you can’t ever get to because you’re in school
all day? I say we shorten the school week
from five to three days. Kids need more time
to rest and relieve stress. They also need
more time with family and friends. A threeday week would be a positive change from an
academic, social and emotional standpoint.
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One reason I think we need a shorter
school week is the rising stress levels among kids. We
currently spend over half our waking lives in school
and this leads to stress. Stress can cause illness, and
many kids suffer from anxiety-related stomachaches
and headaches. These illnesses make it difficult for
students to make the most of their class time because
they are not feeling well. Stress also leads to fatigue,
and tired students cannot concentrate and get work
done. A calm, well-rested student would perform
better in school and get more done in three days than
they currently get done in five days.
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Also, a shorter school week would provide more
time with family and friends. Good relationships with
family and friends build self-esteem and kids need
this more than ever. It is becoming more difficult for
working parents to spend time with their children.
Divorce is another problem. Over half of all children
have divorced parents, so they have to split their time
between homes. Some kids don’t have social success
in school, but they make friends through other
activities such as sports and drama and church. These
friendships are a very positive thing, so time should
be made for them.
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The opposing view is that kids will not learn
enough in three days, and that students will be lonely and
bored with so much free time. Also, some students may even
get into trouble with so much free time. I strongly disagree
with these views. If teachers plan and organize well, they
should be able to accomplish in three days what we now do in
five days of school. Also, there are other things to be learned
outside of school from family, friends and other activities such
as sports, music and art. And while some kids may get into
trouble with more free time, it is not fair to punish everyone
for the actions of a few.
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Therefore, I say yes to a three-day school
week. It would reduce stress and fatigue, and
this may even lead to better achievement in
school. Also, students will have much needed
time with family and friends. Those who
oppose this change haven’t really considered
all the social and emotional benefits. A
shorter school week would be a good choice
for all!
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Be sure to cite sources when you
use direct quotes or paraphrase!
Use signal words or phrases such as “The author states” or
“According to Smith.”
Think Pair Share: What are some other signal words we have
used for quotes or paraphrasing?
asserts
claims
insists
writes
believes
suggests
thinks
explains
argues
finds
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indicates
adds
contends
declares
observes
reveals
demonstrates
shows
proves
illustrates
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First mention the article and author first:
In the article,“Why Athletes Make Good Role Models,” Laura Williams states…
(Williams).
In the article, “The Problems with Athletes as Role Models,” Alex Ashe claims…
(Ashe).
In the article, “The Effects of Celebrity Role Models on Kids and Teens,” Kathryn
Hatter asserts…. (Hatter).
In the article, “Women Issues – All About Women’s Issues,”… (Women’s Issues).
When citing the article a second time, use the author:
According to Ashe, …
Williams claims…
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Use parenthetical citations
(Brennan)
(Ashe)
According to Charles Barkley, “I am not a role model”
(Ashe).
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Works Cited
 Works Cited
Ashe, Alex. “The problems with athletes as role models.” Yes Weekly.
27 Feb. 2013. Web. 1 Nov. 2014.
<http://yesweekly.com/article-permalink-15597.html>.
Brennan, Katherine. “Why Athletes Make Good Role Models.” eHow.
15 Oct. 2014. Web. 1 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.ehow.com/facts_5530459_athletes-make-good-rolemodels.html>.
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Mini-lesson: How do you develop
details?
 Use your own ideas and borrowed ideas.
 Offer examples drawn from your source and
your own background knowledge.
 Provide facts from your source.
 Include statistics from your source.
 Share important quotes (sparingly!) that make
a strong point.
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Elaborate: what strategies are
used?
If you like writing, you’ll love Mr. Wilson’s class. We write all
the time. Each week, there is a new assignment. We do so many
different types of writing. I have learned a lot about writing.
If you like writing, you’ll love Mr. Wilson’s class because we
write every day. This year, we have already done a personal
narrative, a research paper, and a short story. Soon, we will create a
graphic novel. I have learned quite a bit. For example, I now realize
the importance of organizing my ideas, developing them, and
expressing them clearly. We will complete ten major writing
assignments by the end of the year. As Mr. Wilson always says,
“Practice makes perfect!”
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What strategies are used?
Yellowstone National Park is the best national park to
visit. There is so much wildlife such as bison, elk, and bear.
The landscape is also amazing, especially the geysers. This
park is truly a national treasure.
Yellowstone National Park is the best national park to
visit. It’s the world’s first national park and is where you will
find 60% of the world’s geysers. Old Faithful, the park’s most
famous geyser, is a quite a spectacular site. In addition, there
are over 67 species of mammals including bison, elk, grizzly
bear, and wolf. You won’t find this much wildlife anywhere
else in the United States. This park is truly a national treasure.
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Whiparound: Give example of a
strategy you used in paragraph 2.
Be prepared to share your detail and identify
which type of detail it is.
 Example
 Fact
 Statistics
 quotes
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Use your source correctly!
State the facts clearly and completely:
 Juvenile murders have fallen 71.% between 1995 and 2008.
 Arrest rates for all violent crime among teens have dropped
49.3% during this time span.
 But video game sales have quadrupled.
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Synthesize: draw conclusions
State the facts clearly and completely:
 Juvenile murders have fallen 71.% between 1995 and 2008.
 Arrest rates for all violent crime among teens have dropped
49.3% during this time span.
 But video game sales have quadrupled.
Synthesize: Draw conclusions:
Given these facts, how can there be a connection between
violence in society and violence in video games.
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Synthesize!
One reason I think we need a shorter
school week is the rising stress levels among kids.
We currently spend over half our waking lives in
school and this leads to stress. Stress can cause
illness, and many kids suffer from anxiety-related
stomachaches and headaches. These illnesses
make it difficult for students to make the most of
their class time because they are not feeling well.
Stress also leads to fatigue, and tired students
cannot concentrate and get work done. A calm,
well-rested student would perform better in school
and get more done in three days than they
currently get done in five days.
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Peer review: concluding sentences
 Look at your concluding sentences for paragraphs 2
and 3. Did you synthesize the information in the
paragraph?
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The Rebuttal: use transitions to present point and
counterpoint. There should be at least three!
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Mini-lesson: expression
 Clear and concise expression is essential to getting
your point across.
 Be careful of confusing sentence structure. Run-ons can
be particularly difficult for the reader to figure out.
 Avoid excessive use of pronouns.
 Formal language
 Select language that is formal
 Avoid phrases that sounds more like casual speech than
academic writing.
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What is wrong?
Oh yeah, one more thing, with uniforms,
we can’t even do anything to them, and
yes, I said any thing, to them.
In addition, we cannot add any personal
style to uniforms through unique
accessories such as leggings, socks or
shoes.
What is wrong?
I would say, yea for protection, but you can
still teach them that, but without actually
hurting people or even killing them because
if they hurt them in a wrong spot or way,
they could die.
What is wrong?
One reason is teens are careful drivers.
One reason to keep the driving age at
sixteen is teens are careful drivers.
What is wrong?
It makes them feel confident in themselves, and
that they can do anything. It makes them want
to be just like them.
Beauty contests make contestants feel confident
in themselves, and that they can do anything. It
makes young female viewers want to be just like
the contestants.
What is wrong?
They’re also safe because if they’re in a store
with their parents, and they get lost and can’t
find their parent, then they could just call
them on their cell phone.
Cell phones are also safe because if a child is in a
store with his parents and gets lost, then the
child could just call his parents on his cell
phone.
Mini-lesson:Get read of filler sentences
• That’s why I think we should ban violent
video games.
• I am going to tell you why smoking should
be banned.
• I hope I have convinced you to quit
smoking.
• Now I hope you are on my side after reading
this.
Peer review: Hunt for filler sentences
• That’s why I think we should ban violent
video games.
• I am going to tell you why smoking should
be banned.
• I hope I have convinced you to quit
smoking.
• Now I hope you are on my side after reading
this.
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Focus Domain
A/B
C/D
E/F
• Sit next to partner.
• Take his or her form and write your
•
•
•
•
name next to “Editor name.”
Look at FCAs; this is all you are
looking for.
Read paper and make notes
throughout.
Be prepared to record and give your
partner a “push” and a “praise.
Any disrespect or off-task behavior
will result in a green card.
Focus FCAs
 Reasons support opinion
 Details support reason
All materials by Mauri Fava
68
Organization Domain
A/C
B/E
D/F
 Sit next to partner.
 Take his or her form and write your
name next to “Editor name.”
 Look at FCAs; this is all you are
looking for.
 Read paper and make notes
throughout.
 Be prepared to record and give your
partner a “push” and a “praise.
 Any disrespect or off-task behavior
will result in a green card.
Organization FCAS
Persuasive transitions are complete
Details are logically ordered and in the correct
paragraph
Five indented paragraphs
All materials by Mauri Fava
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ContentDomain
Sit next to partner.
A/D
B/F
C/E
 Take his or her form and write your
name next to “Editor name.”
 Look at FCAs; this is all you are
looking for.
 Read paper and make notes
throughout.
 Be prepared to record and give your
partner a “push” and a “praise.
 Any disrespect or off-task behavior
will result in a green card.
Content FCAS
Five sentences/five paragraphs
Attention grabber is engaging
Two distinct reasons are provided
Each detail is well-developed and relevant to reason
Conclusion shows ability to synthesize
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Style Domain
 Sit next to partner.
A/E
B/D
C/F
 Take his or her form and write your
name next to “Editor name.”
 Look at FCAs; this is all you are
looking for.
 Read paper and make notes
throughout.
 Be prepared to record and give your
partner a “push” and a “praise.
 Any disrespect or off-task behavior
will result in a green card.
Style FCAs
Sentences are not short and choppy
Word choice is varied and appropriate
No confusing pronoun usage
Expression is formal and concise (don’t write as you
talk!)
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Convention SitDomain
next to partner.
A/F
B/C
D/E
 Take his or her form and write
your name next to “Editor name.”
 Look at FCAs; this is all you are
looking for.
 Read paper and make notes
throughout.
 Be prepared to record and give
your partner a “push” and a
“praise.
 Any disrespect or off-task
behavior will result in a green
card.
Convention FCAs
Complete sentences
Appropriate punctuation
Correct spelling
Appropriate capitalization
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Take it home and make it perfect!
 Follow rubric
 Type in Times New Roman, font size 12 or…
 Handwrite neatly
 Double-space!!! Highlight, control + 2
 Bring paper in on or before due date or we call home
that day and you lose 10% for each day late.
All materials by Mauri Fava
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